Grief Counseling: Mood Disorders and the DSM-V-TR

Posted on by Mark Moran

Mood disorders transcend the usual care of pastoral or non-clinical grief counselors.  Most grief counselors deal with the natural phenomena of loss that follows a natural grief trajectory.  Clinical professionals, who may also be grief counseling certified, deal with pathological issues surrounding mood.  Any instability of extremes, whether due to mania or melancholy can disrupt natural life and harm mental health.   Sometimes, moods can be directly affected by an acute grief or loss and this leads down a trajectory of complications due to grief, while in other cases, there is no triggering loss that causes the pathological mood.  Instead it involves an in-depth investigation into the etiology of the disorder reviewing biological, genetic, psychological, social and spiritual issues to explain the condition.

The DSM-V-TR lists numerous mood disorders ranging from Major Depressive Disorder to Bi-Polar Disorders. Please also review AIHCP’s Grief Counseling Certification

The DSM-V-TR groups together a variety of mood disorders which in this blog will highlight Major Depressive Disorder, Persistent Depressive Disorder and its numerous specifiers, as well as Bi-Polar 1 and Bi Polar 2 disorders and finally, Prolonged Grief Disorder.  It is important to remember that for the pastoral or non-clinical grief counselor, one should have a strong understanding of these mood disorders to help refer clients to the appropriate clinical specialists.  A non-clinical grief counselor cannot diagnose or treat mood disorders but they can be trained to spot these disorders and work with clinical professionals in assuring the necessary therapy and medications are received for the client.

Please also review AIHCP’s Grief Counseling Certification, as well as its numerous other Grief Programs.

Etiology of Mood Disorders

Mood disorders find their etiology from numerous factors.  Biologically, whether mania or melancholic, there is a strong connection of genetic inheritance of these pathologies tied to the neurotransmitters (McRay,2016).   When the neurotransmitter, serotonin, is low, depressive states can exist.  Serotonin is the a critically important neurotransmitter for mood stability (Barlow, et. al., 2023).   In regards to mania, the synapses between neurons fire to fast, and a euphoric state overtakes the person.  This is usually due to higher levels of  the neurotransmitter norepinephrine and lower of levels of serotonin, although higher levels of serotonin can also lead to states of mania (McRay, 2016).

Depression can be caused by an internal trigger but also a stressor or external loss.  Hence unipolar mood disorders can be both have a direct external stimuli as well as an internal disruption.   Many times the diathesis or culmination of internal and external events that overcomes a person to the disorder can be attributed to external factors that activate it.  As similar to anxiety disorders, a loss, or lack of social support in that loss, or distorted cognitive thinking can unravel a person’s natural reactions into a pathological state (Barlow, et. al. 2023).

When considering psychological etiology for mood disorders, many aspects involve self image, cognitive distortions, as well as learned helplessness in situations.    When individuals engage in self negative talk and think the worst, then it can affect a person’s overall mental paradigm.  In addition, when a person feels they have no control or power to prevent bad things from continuing, then the person becomes susceptible to pathological mood disorders (McRay, 2016).  In addition to how one thinks, social and cultural and spiritual aspects play a key role.  A person’s support system is key in any mood stabilization because it determines the foundation one has to face multiple problems before succumbing to the issue.  In addition, culturally and spiritually, how one views loss can play a key role in how one reacts to loss.

As one can see, mood disorders are a complications of genetic but also psychological, social, cultural and spiritual aspects of the person.  Sometimes, the mood disorder, such as depression, has a visible trigger, but other times, it is purely at the chemical level of the brain.  Every individual is different and what causes diathesis and activation of a mood disorder, or even anxiety is not a simple equation but a very complex one.

Mood Disorders and the DSM-V-TR

In this blog, we will follow the order of the DSM-V-TR and how it lists and discusses the nature of mood disorders.  We will primarily focus only on the above mentioned disorders.

Bi Polar I & Bi Polar II Disorder

Polarity of symptoms Depression euthymia mania subsyndromal hypomania. Vector illustration

Bi polar disorders are characterized by cycles of depression and euphoria (mania) with symptoms that can greatly affect one’s ability to function in life (McRay, 2016).   The DSM-V-TR states that mania is a period of abnormal and persistent moods of high levels of energy with the possibility of also irritability which lasts at least 1 week (2022).   During this phase of mania, the DSM-V-TR notes these types of characteristics with three needed for diagnosis or four if the mood is only irritability.

  1. inflated self esteem or grandiosity
  2. deceased need for sleep
  3. more talkative or need to talk
  4. flights of ideas or subjective experiences that are racing through the mind
  5. distractibility
  6. increased goal directive activities that can be social, work, academic or sexually
  7. excessive engagement in activities with high potential for bad outcomes.  Such as foolish business investments, spending sprees or sexual activitiy

The DSM-V-TR continues that these states cause severe impairment to social and occupational functioning and has no association with other psychotic, psychological, substance or medicated purposes (2022).  Within itself, these are conditions for mania, which albeit rare, can exist as an issue alone apart from Bi-Polar I or II.

Ironically, Bi-Polar I does not require a depressive cycle although that is very rare for one not to be present in diagnosis.  When we discuss Major Depressive Disorder and a depressive episode we will list its diagnosis as well which would be utilized with any Bi-Polar disorder.

For Bi-Polar I, as well as Bi-Polar II, the DSM-V-TR provides many specifiers since it affects individuals with so many additional subjective aspects.    It can be mild, moderate, severe, possess psychotic features, be in partial remission or full remission, or also include anxious distress, mixed features, rapid cycling, melancholic features, mood congruent psychotic features or mood incongruent psychotic features, catonia, peripartum or seasonal (2022).

Bi-Polar II differs from Bi- Polar I in that there is no state of mania but there always must be a depressive state.  What replaces mania is referred to hypomania.  Hypomanic episodes shares the same characteristics of mania but not as severe or impairing to the individual (only 4 days as opposed to at least a week) but it still manifests a change in functioning that is not characteristic of the individual when not symptomatic (2022).  In addition, the mood shift is observable by others but not enough to cause extreme distress (DSM-V-TR, 2022).

The primary differing diagnosis factor from Bi-Polar I over Bi-polar II is one has not ever been diagnosed with a true mania state ever in life.

It is important to note, some individuals who suffer from Bi-Polar mood disorders cycle more rapidly than others, with 4 mood shifts a year being considered high but there can be less cycles and individuals can move through them quickly (Barlow, et. al, 2023).

Major Depressive Disorder

While depressive episodes are part of bipolar disorders, the same criteria for Major Depressive Disorder that diagnoses an episode of depression for Bi-Polar disorders is also diagnosis Major Depressive Disorder but without any mania or states of euphoria.  Major Depressive Order can find its origins biologically or also be a reaction to a loss or severe stressor.  It is a unipolar mood disorder without a switching from extremes but a state of melachony

Facing Major Depressive Disorder

According to the DSM-V-TR depressed moods or loss of interest in pleasure must persist for periods of 2 weeks or longer (2022).  Diagnostic characteristics include the following and requires five or more symptoms for diagnosis.

 

  1. Depressed mood for most of the day or nearly everyday.  Feelings of sadness, emptiness and hopelessness
  2. Diminished interest in pleasure
  3. significant weight loss
  4. Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly or everyday
  5. psychomotor agitation that is observable by others
  6. fatigue and lack of energy nearly everyday
  7. feelings of guilt or unworthiness
  8. diminished ability to concentrate or think or make decisions
  9. recurrent thoughts about death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan or with a plan, as well as suicide attempt

These symptoms impair the individual in all aspects of life and are not due to any other psychological, medical or use of substance (2022).

Like bi-polar mood disorders, Major Depressive Disorder also has specifiers that dictate mild, moderate, severe, with psychotic features, partial or full remission, with anxious distress, mixed features, melancholic features, atypical features, mood congruent or mood incongruent psychotic features, catonia, post partem, or seasonal patterns (SAD) (DSM-V-TR, 2022).

Overall, Major Depressive Disorder is one of the most common mental maladies.  It is considered the common cold of mental health (McRay, 2016).  Women are 2 to 1 more likely to develop it, while Bi-Polar Disorder is equal (McRay, 2016).

Mentally, an individual suffering from depression faces the depressive cognitive triad that perceives negative connotations about self, the world and the future (Barlow, et. al., 2023).

Persistent Depressive Disorder

Persistent Depressive Disorder differs from Major Depressive Disorder in that is lasts longer than the normal minimum of 2 weeks but untreated can persist for months to years to decades.  It is not as intense but it leads to numerous health and mental issues.  Diagnosis requires a consistent 2 year period.  It includes poor appetite or overeating, insomnia or hyperinsomnia, low energy, low self-esteem, poor concentration and feelings of hopelessness, (DSM-V-TR, 20220).  Individuals can also suffer from both Persistent and Major Depressive.

Other Mood Disorders

Other mood disorders include Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorders that deal with frustration and anger outbursts, as well as Cyclothymic Disorder which does not meet criteria for mania, hypnomania or depressive episodes but still possess similar traits at a less severe level but for a period of 2 years with impaiment.

Ironically, Prolonged Grief Disorder is not associated with mood disorders in the DSM-V-TR but is a stress related disorder to acute grief which resembles depression but is a complex grief reaction.  The trajectory of normal reaction to loss is distorted due to severity of the loss, or various subjective factors involving the person.  AIHCP has numerous blogs on Complicated Grief as well as Prolonged Grief Disorder.

Treatments for Mood Disorders

Treatment for mood disorders should also include a integrated approach that includes medication as well as therapy.  Medication only masks the problem and without life skills and abilities to understand distorted thinking, then long term healing and mental health is not possible.  Also, some medications have complications which involves alternate trials and errors of different medications.  In addition, many individuals feel a mental stigma when diagnosed with depression or bipolar disorders.  This leads to hiding these feelings, or refusing to take the appropriate medications.  This leads to continued chaos, impairment, broken relationships, loss careers, and wasted time.  It is important to face mood disorders as any health condition.

SSRI help stabilize serotonin and mood

Medications

Anti-depressants are utilized to help most individuals with mood disorders, especially melancholy.    There are three types.  First, SSRIs are the most common and most used in modern medicine.  Second, tricyclic and third, monamine oxidase (MAO).  The tricyclics are rarely used with the advent of SSRI’s since tricyclics had more side effects.  SSRI’s stand for Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor.  They prevent the transfer of serotonin from one neuron to another hence preserving a higher level of serotonin to the body to help maintain mood.  MAO’s help dissolve the break down of Serotonin (Barlow, et. al., 2023).   Barlow notates that 60 to 70  percent of individuals who take medication for depression experience improvement, with half of that meeting full to close recovery to full functioning (2023).  A common SSRI’s include Prozac (fluoxetine).  Others include Celexa, Lexapro, Luvox, Paxil and Zoloft. Sometimes, individuals must go through a regiment of different SSRI until they find the best fit and dosage necessary to manage the depression.  Some need to be on SSRI longer, while others are dosed and gradually let off as needed.

Those who face treatment resistant depression can also turn to other methods to treat depression.   Holistic and natural remedies under the guidance of a primary physician such as St. John’s Wort or hypericum have shown benefits as well (Barlow, et. al., 2023).  Other more direct methods include Transcranial Magnetic Therapy (TMT) as well as Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) which directly sends impulses into the brain and neurons (Barlow, et al., 2023).

In regards to bi-polar disorders, a lithium based medication is utilized to help with mania.  Lithium, a common salt in  the natural environment, needs to be carefully dosed but has success with controlling mania states.  It is associated with weight gain which is another reason many individuals with bi-polar disorders wish to avoid their medication (Barlow, et. al., 2023).

Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy when supplemented with medication is the best combo for treating mood disorders.  It is important to fix the chemical issue but one also needs to have a strong understanding of self and ways to think differently.  Cognitive Behavioral Therapy plays a key role in helping individuals reframe and rethink distortions and negative connotations about self.   An individual who is depressed already has negative connotations about self, the world and the future.  AIHCP has blogs about CBT and its importance as a behaviorist therapy stemming from Aaron Beck and Albert Ellis that looks to help individuals think more healthy for better behavior and mental functioning.  In addition, human centered therapies which gravitate towards self esteem and congruence and fulfillment are important.  Karl Rogers and his person-centered therapy looks to support the client in meeting fulfillment through empathy, genuineness and unconditional positive regard.  AIHCP also has a blog to review on human-centered therapies.  Finally, interpersonal skills and support is key.  Individuals suffering from loss need support.  An individual with better support systems can overcome different losses with more success.  Some have stronger internal systems of meaning and spirituality, while others may have more family or friends or financial means to overcome loss.  Basic grief counseling in these ways can help individuals become more resilient when depressed or sad.

Conclusion

Please also review AIHCP’s Grief Counseling Program

Mood disorders can be stable with only one extreme or unstable and shift from mania to melancholy.  They are among, with anxiety, the most common psychopathologies.  Unfortunately, many individuals avoid treatment due to social stigma.  It is important to find the time to take care of one’s mental health if afflicted with a mood disorder.  Mood disorders can be genetic or causal but most all have solutions via medication, psychotherapy and counseling, or an integrated approach.

Please also review AIHCP’s Grief Counseling Certification as well as AIHCP’s multiple other behavioral health certification programs.

Additional Blogs

Anxiety Disorders:  Access here

Grief Video: Grief: The Price of Love.  Access here

Additional Resources

Bipolar Disorder. Mayo Clinic.  Access here

Clinical Depression (Major Depressive Disorder). (2026). Cleveland Clinic.  Access here

Dimaria, L. (2026).  “Types of Mood Disorders”. VeryWellMind.  Access here

References

American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder” DSM-5-TR (5th ed., text revision). American Psychiatric Association Publishing.

Barlow, D.H., Durand, V.M., & Hofmann, S.G. (2023). Psychopathology. An integrative approach to mental disorder (9th  ed.). Cengage Learning

McRay, B.W., Yarhouse, M.A., Butman, R.E., & Kiple, C. (2016). Modern psychopathologies: A comprehensive Christian appraisal. (2nd, ed.) IVP Academic

4 Ways Aging Can Increase the Risk of Peripheral Neuropathy 

Posted on by Joseph Gerard

nurse examining elderly patient's hand. Written by Deepika

Has your pursuit of pathology created a kind of professional familiarity?

Perhaps the most precious thing that healthcare professionals must preserve is their awe of the sophistication of the human body. When studied closely, it is truly mind-blowing how extraordinary the most normal function is. 

Peripheral neuropathy offers a rare glimpse behind the veil. A single pain signal transferring between the brain and the spinal cord through various nerves can remind us of the wonders of biological engineering. 

Patients with this disorder may feel unusual sensations, like burning without heat or pain from the touch of a bedsheet. Every feeling of warmth, pressure, texture, etc., is not something the human body possesses, but one that is meticulously constructed. The dialogue is so silent that most people are completely unaware of the complexity that allows us to distinguish a handshake from a thorn. 

Peripheral neuropathy affects an estimated 1% of adults worldwide, and the risks tend to increase with age. This article will explore four ways in which this connection takes place and why understanding it is important for better patient care. 

 

Changes in Nerve Function 

This is perhaps the most obvious way in which aging and peripheral neuropathy are directly proportional. The nervous system has the power to remain remarkably resilient throughout an individual’s life. However, aging is one phenomenon to which it must succumb. 

With time, nerves become less efficient in transmitting signals. Plus, the body’s ability to repair damaged nerve tissue declines. 

As shared by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, most neuropathies are considered length-dependent. This means their symptoms typically develop first in the nerve endings farthest from the brain and spinal cord. The nerves serving the feet and lower legs are among the longest in the body. 

Consequently, feet and legs are frequently the first areas where nerve dysfunction is detected. As Neuropathy Relief Centres notes, symptoms may range from mild discomfort to severe pain that impacts everyday activities. 

So, when someone complains of tingling or numbness in their lower extremities, especially older adults, they must not be dismissed. Further evaluation and timely treatment for neuropathy in legs and feet may preserve function, mobility, and quality of life.

The Appropriate Healthcare Response 

  • Older adults should be checked for sensory symptoms. 
  • Each routine test should involve questions regarding changes in balance, mobility, and foot sensation. 
  • Regular neurological and foot assessments are essential. 
  • Patients must be educated about symptoms that cannot be treated as a normal part of aging. 

 

A Higher Prevalence of Chronic Diseases 

Aging itself is considered to be the biggest risk factor for almost every chronic disease out there, be it diabetes or cardiovascular problems. Albert Higgins-Chen, the assistant professor of psychiatry at the Yale School of Medicine, said something that supports this idea. 

He remarked that “If you cured cancer tomorrow, the average life expectancy would probably go up only by a couple of years.” That’s because the patient may end up battling some other chronic disease due to aging. 

Even peripheral neuropathy risk increases with age, since the body becomes more vulnerable to nerve damage under the stress of chronic diseases. Some conditions damage the nerves themselves, whereas others affect the blood vessels that supply rich oxygen and nutrients. Here are a few chronic conditions particularly associated with peripheral neuropathy:

  • Diabetes, where consistently high blood glucose levels can damage both nerves and the small blood vessels that support them 
  • Chronic kidney disease, where poor kidney function allows waste products to accumulate in the bloodstream and contribute to sensory disturbances 
  • Peripheral vascular disease, where poor circulation prevents a healthy supply of oxygen and nutrients to the peripheral nerves 
  • Autoimmune disorders, where conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus contribute to inflammatory processes that affect the nervous system 

Healthcare professionals need to consider this connection in light of rising life expectancy. Many patients now live with conditions that once threatened to cut their lives short. Indeed, this is something positive, but it also means that nerves may be exposed to years (or even decades) of metabolic stress, inflammation, and medication effects. 

The Appropriate Healthcare Response 

  • Patients at a higher risk should be screened regularly. 
  • It is crucial to monitor the progression of chronic diseases closely. 
  • Patients must receive proper and thorough education on early symptoms. 
  • Multidisciplinary care is a must, especially for patients with multiple chronic conditions. 

 

A Longer History of Medical Treatments and Medication 

Certain medical treatments and medications act as a double-edged sword. While they can play a key role in managing diseases, their flip side is the increased risk of damage to nerve health over time. 

Now, this relationship is also closely tied to aging itself. With time, people are likely to develop chronic conditions, multiple in some cases, for which they opt for medication and other treatments. 

Each intervention may be necessary on its own, but the cumulative exposure contributes to adverse effects and complications. Here are the common treatment-related aging factors that increase the risk of peripheral neuropathy:

  • Certain chemotherapy agents may lead to chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) 
  • Polypharmacy or multiple medications taken concurrently 
  • Long-term medication use in vulnerable populations 

A younger adult may not have the same level of interaction with the healthcare system as an older adult. After all, a 2025 systematic review confirmed that almost half of older adults had two or more chronic conditions for which they were undergoing treatments. 

This review involved over 700,000 older adults worldwide, and the prevalence of multimorbidity was 46%. Now, treatments in all these cases are likely to get complex with time, only to create more room for complications. 

The Appropriate Healthcare Response 

  • Medication lists need to be reviewed regularly. 
  • Patients receiving therapies known to affect nerve function need to be monitored closely. 
  • Medication interactions in patients with polypharmacy should be evaluated. 
  • Collaboration with other specialists is a must when treatment-related neuropathy is suspected. 

 

Greater Vulnerability to Nutritional Deficiencies 

Another way aging increases the risk of peripheral neuropathy is by making older adults more susceptible to nutritional deficiencies. Nutrition is often automatically linked with general health and energy levels. 

However, its role in nerve function cannot be denied. Peripheral nerves rely on a steady supply of vitamins and minerals to support repair processes and overall neurological health. In case of a deficiency, nerve function may gradually decline, thereby increasing the chances of numbness, weakness, and altered sensation. 

With age, several factors can make it more difficult to absorb and utilize essential vitamins and minerals. These include changes in appetite, dietary restrictions, and even digestive issues. 

As per recent research involving 231 healthy older adults, it was discovered that lower vitamin B12 levels were linked to slower neurological processing. Now, what’s interesting is that the study also found that nervous system threats prevailed even for those whose B12 levels fell within the normal range. This means the line is quite thin when it comes to the effects of nutritional deficiencies on neurological health. 

The following nutrient deficiencies have often been found in association with peripheral neuropathy:

  • Vitamin B12, which is essential for maintaining healthy nerve tissue 
  • Folate, which may impair cellular and nerve function 
  • Vitamin B6 imbalances, whether it be deficiency or excess intake 
  • Vitamin E deficiency, as this vitamin protects nerve tissue from oxidative damage 
  • Copper deficiency, which may lead to sensory changes 

The Appropriate Healthcare Response 

  • The nutritional status of each patient should be checked regularly. 
  • Those at a higher risk of nutritional deficiencies require close monitoring. 
  • Dietary patterns and barriers to nutrition should also be considered. 
  • Patient history must be assessed for any medications that interfere with nutrient absorption. 

 

FAQs 

What makes peripheral neuropathy more common among aging populations?

With age, nerves begin to lose their efficiency at transmitting signals to and from the brain. The body’s ability to repair nerve tissue is also affected. Furthermore, chronic diseases, multiple medications, and nutritional deficiencies only tend to accelerate the process, both of aging and nerve damage or peripheral neuropathy. 

What are some early signs of peripheral neuropathy in older adults?

The earliest symptoms of peripheral neuropathy are usually length-dependent. This means they tend to occur in areas farthest from the brain. So, feet and legs are the first to show the signs. These may include tingling, numbness, balance difficulties, and unexplained weakness. 

Can lifestyle and healthcare interventions reduce the risk of peripheral neuropathy with age?

While aging itself cannot be prevented, many risk factors associated with peripheral neuropathy can be addressed. Regular medication reviews, nutritional assessments, and effective management of chronic diseases can help protect nerve health. With early identification of symptoms, healthcare professionals can intervene before nerve damage progresses. 

 

Recent Data on Peripheral Neuropathy 

Adults worldwide experiencing peripheral neuropathy 1%
2025 systematic review on adults worldwide with two or more chronic conditions undergoing treatments  Almost half of the 700,000+ older adults, with 46% multimorbidity 
Recent research involving 231 healthy older adults on the link between Vitamin B12 deficiency and neurological processing  Lower B12 levels linked to slower neurological processing 
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke on neuropathies  Considered to be length-dependent
2025 discovery in the field of peripheral nerve regeneration Signaling molecule CCL3 may help in peripheral nerve regeneration following injury 

 

If healthcare can recognize the aging factors of peripheral neuropathy early, steps can be taken to improve patient outcomes. At the same time, emerging research has offered a glimmer of hope. In 2025, researchers identified a signaling molecule called CCL3. It appears to play a critical role in peripheral nerve regeneration following injuries. 

If anything, this discovery is enabling scientists to understand the mechanisms damaged nerves use to repair themselves. Perhaps new therapies are on the horizon that may enhance nerve recovery?

Thankfully, now is the era of restorative healthcare approaches, something that stands true even for peripheral neuropathy. However, they need to be combined with early detection and patient education to reduce the impact on aging populations. 

References 

  1. Mauermann L. Michelle, Staff P. Nathan, et al. 2025. Peripheral Neuropathy A Review. JAMA Network. Volume 335, 3. 

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2841552

  1. Peripheral Neuropathy. 2026. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.

https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/peripheral-neuropathy

  1. Backman Isabella. 2024. The biology of aging. Yale Medicine Magazine.

https://medicine.yale.edu/news-article/the-biology-of-aging/

  1. Zhu Xianshang, Wang Zengrui, et al. 2025. About half of older adults have two or more chronic conditions at the same time: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PubMed Central. 

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12738304/

  1. Richard-Beaudry Alexandra, et al. 2025. Vitamin B12 levels association with functional and structural biomarkers of central nervous system injury in older adults. PubMed. 

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39927551/

  1. Emmenis Van Lucie, Caballero-Modol Guillem, et al. 2025. Identification of CCL3 as a Schwann cell chemotactic factor essential for nerve regeneration. ScienceDirect. Volume 44. 

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124725000932

Author Bio

Deepika has over six years of experience as a writer and editor. Passionate about words and learning, she takes an interest in a variety of niches. Her knack for turning complex ideas into relatable narratives allows her to resonate with the reader. 

When her pen falls silent, you can find her engrossed in a novel or getting her hands messy with fine arts. By these, Deepika is committed to keeping her curiosity and creativity alive. 

 

 

 

 

Please also review AIHCP’s Life Coach Certification program and Life Coach Courses see if it meets your academic and professional goals.  These programs are online and independent study and open to qualified professionals seeking a four year certification

Care-Based Approaches to Support Patients With Prostate Problems 

Posted on by Joseph Gerard

Urologist examining male patient in clinicWritten by Deboshree Bhattacharjee,

Prostate problems have long been common among older adults. Harvard Health Publishing highlights that half of all men develop an enlarged prostate by age 60. Prostatic hyperplasia is likely in 95% of men by age 85. 

Eventually, this leads to urinary problems, not the least of which is discomfort and potential loss of bladder control. 

The impact can feel especially distressing for men who value physical activities as a major part of life. For instance, in Colorado, outdoor pursuits like hiking and skiing are a priority. Exploring procedures like Prostatic Artery Embolization, or PAE treatment in Colorado, can be less painful and quicker approaches to get back in shape.

Regardless, prostate issues can feel limiting and confusing. As healthcare practitioners, extending support to this population segment is essential for improving their overall quality of life. Let us identify care responsibilities toward these patients as they consider and pursue treatment.

 

Personalized Consulting on Suitable Treatment Options

Although prostate surgery has been a long-standing treatment choice, more people now desire non-surgical and less invasive methods. Besides PAE, this field is witnessing other developments that can improve health outcomes for patients.

Cleveland Clinic notes that transurethral resection is not the only approach possible for benign prostatic enlargement. Patients now have an entire spectrum to consider, from water vapor thermal therapy to a temporarily implanted nitinol device.

It is largely true that non-surgical options involve faster recoveries and less pain. However, as noted by Image Guided Therapy, the physician’s personal experience becomes vital here. Patients should receive adequate information on the outcomes and complication rates of any procedure they plan to undertake.

For healthcare practitioners, consulting patients on the options most suitable for them is an integral part of the role. This will involve discussing:

  • The effectiveness of a treatment plan
  • The risk of pain and possible complications
  • The repercussions on quality of life, including sexual activity and physical fitness

It is also crucial to help patients understand that not every method will be appropriate for every patient. For instance, those with a larger prostate may need a simple prostatectomy for durable results. Implantable devices have limited studies in prostates larger than 60 cc.

Since treatment decisions are complicated and expensive, your support as a physician or nurse can make things easier for the patient.

 

Providing Strength During Mental Distress

When prostate issues develop, the possibility of cancer can become a source of mental distress among patients. 

Even though most cases of enlargement may be benign, prostate cancer is one of the most common of all cancers diagnosed among men. The American Cancer Society reports that this diagnosis constituted 30% of male cancers in 2025. It was the second leading cancer-related death among men, after lung cancer. 

Cancer and mental health are very closely related, with the former worsening the latter through diagnosis and treatment. A Psychiatric Times feature highlights that many patients develop psychiatric disorders after a cancer diagnosis. This phenomenon may affect 30 to 40% of oncology patients.

“We have to work with clinicians in oncology and primary care to make sure that doesn’t happen to our patients.” – Dr Riba, Deputy Editor Emeritus, Psychiatric Times.

Of course, cancer is not the only source of mental anguish following a diagnosis of prostate issues. These problems become a dampener for people who have otherwise remained active throughout their lives. The anxiety surrounding potential effects on everyday aspects, including personal relationships, is legitimate. 

Yet another reason for mental stress is the cause-and-effect line of thinking. Why did I come down with this? What did I do wrong?

Unfortunately, this line of thought can be futile. Medical experts explain that the specific reasons for prostate enlargement are unclear. However, certain male hormones, such as dihydrotestosterone, may have a role. 

For healthcare practitioners, extending support and guidance through these times is essential.

  • Counsel the patient on the outlook for their specific case, providing clarity on their (often unfounded) anxieties.
  • Direct them to therapy and further counseling if they show symptoms of severe distress.
  • Include their family or caregivers in the discussion to ensure they have adequate support outside the immediate healthcare team.

 

Guiding Patients Toward Healing Methods With Real Scientific Basis

Since prostate issues are a common problem among older men, a range of alternative healing methods have emerged. Many of them are generic, such as yoga for wellness or walking for overall fitness. But there are others that may do more harm than good and interfere with ongoing medical care.

A popular alternative plan is using a saw palmetto herbal supplement. It is easily available in several states, such as Alabama and Florida, which are among the native states for the herb. Some people believe that it has anti-inflammatory properties and mimics some of the drugs used for treating prostate enlargement. 

Harvard Health notes that more than a third of adults who take supplements specifically use saw palmetto. It also stresses that the scientific evidence is scant. While it may not cause harm, it may also not bring any improvement. But if patients believe in such supplements so strongly that they refuse medical treatment? Now that can cause harm.

Of course, some alternative approaches may be helpful, although they are generally complementary in nature. Several studies indicate that physical activity, when consistent and present from a younger age, can support prostate health. A 2025 study in Scientific Reports found that adverse lifestyle factors were significant predictors of hyperplasia severity. This means encouraging lifestyle modifications, particularly physical activity, can be beneficial.

Responsible medical practitioners should guide patients toward proven, effective approaches. At the same time, they must maintain a regard for sociocultural beliefs and personal sensitivities.

 

Supporting Patients With Prostate Problems

Men affected by enlarged prostate by age 60 Approximately 50% of men develop an enlarged prostate by age 60
Share of male cancer diagnoses represented by prostate cancer Around 30% of all cancers diagnosed in men
Oncology patients experiencing psychiatric disorders after a cancer diagnosis Approximately 30–40% of patients
Adults taking saw palmetto supplements More than one-third of supplement users report taking saw palmetto
Prostate size considerations for implantable devices Limited research exists for prostates larger than 60 cc
Impact of lifestyle factors on BPH severity Adverse lifestyle factors are significant predictors of symptom severity

 

FAQs

1. Will Prostatic Artery Embolization (PAE) be suitable for the patient?

Prostatic Artery Embolization has become popular as a treatment plan for an enlarged prostate. Its main benefit is that it is minimally invasive and can speed up recovery. During this, the physician will block specific vessels that supply blood to the prostate. This will make it shrink over time. A patient can consider PAE if they want an alternative to surgery and a quick recovery time. Their eligibility will depend on prostate size and symptom severity, among other factors.

2. Can patients improve prostate health through lifestyle changes?

Sure. Lifestyle modifications do play a supportive role in managing prostate health. For example, they can aim for regular physical activity to maintain a healthy weight. A balanced diet may also reduce the urinary symptoms that accompany this condition. But lifestyle changes alone may not replace treatment, which means following a physician-recommended care plan will be crucial.

3. Does an enlarged prostate mean prostate cancer?

No. An enlarged prostate is actually very common among older men and is typically a non-cancerous condition. An enlarged prostate does not mean a person has cancer. As a healthcare expert, you must recommend appropriate screening tests and evaluations. This will determine the underlying cause of symptoms and aid in developing a suitable treatment plan.

 

The Difference Care Can Make

By its very nature, aging can feel life-limiting. As we grow older, health problems tend to worsen, which complicates our ability to get on with life as usual. Since prostate troubles are a fixture for many older men, care-based approaches to treatment and management can be transformative and therapeutic. 

Feeling heard and supported is vital throughout our lives, but more as we get older. Knowing that help is accessible can improve confidence and help patients return to their regular lives sooner.

References:

Harvard Health Publishing (2024). The growing problem of an enlarged prostate gland. Retrieved from the Harvard Health Publishing website.

Image Guided Therapy (2026). Retrieved from the Image Guided Therapy website.

Ayodeji E. Sotimehin et al. (2024). Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Alternatives to Transurethral Resection. Retrieved from the Cleveland Clinic website.

American Cancer Society (2025). New ACS Prostate Cancer Statistics Report: Late-Stage Incidence Rates Continue to Increase Rapidly as Mortality Declines Slow. Retrieved from the American Cancer Society website.

Michelle B. Riba (2026). Psycho-Oncology: The Relationship of Cancer and Psychiatric Care. Retrieved from Psychiatric Times.

C.W. Schmidt (2025). Can saw palmetto treat an enlarged prostate? Harvard Health Publishing. Retrieved from the Harvard Health Publishing website.

Altaseb Beyene Kassaw (2025). Predictors and predictive performance of immune–inflammation indices for symptom severity in benign prostatic hyperplasia.Scientific Reports. Retrieved from Scientific Reports journal.

 

Author Bio:

Deboshree Bhattacharjee likes telling stories that delight and engage. Her realms include lifestyle, parenting, health & wellness, and technology. Besides writing, she also edits and strategises content. Every morning, she wakes up with the northern lights in her eyes and chalks out travel plans.

 

Please also review AIHCP’s Life Coach Certification program and Life Coach Courses see if it meets your academic and professional goals.  These programs are online and independent study and open to qualified professionals seeking a four year certification

Behavioral Health: Anxiety Disorders

Posted on by Mark Moran

Anxiety is one of the most common mental and emotional ailments clients face.  Ironically, anxiety is natural part of life.  It is intimately tied to the nervous system to help push individuals.  Just like stress, it can help serve individuals to meet deadlines, face problems, and persevere under pressure.  To remove all stress and stressors would be a bad thing in life, as well as to remove all future angst about future issues.  Anxiety itself is ontological and part of one’s being.  It is part of being alive (McRay, 2016).

Anxiety disorders require a disproportionate reaction to anxiety. Please also review AIHCP’s behavioral health certifications

The DSM-V-TR defines anxiety as “anticipation of future threat (2022)”.  However, when anxiety is not proportionate with the actual threat, then it becomes a malignant worry.  It creates a negative mood, but the mood becomes excessive and creates a variety of somatic physiological symptoms and tensions when it becomes a disorder (Barlow, et al., 2023).  So, if a student has anxiety the night before an exam, this is not reflective of an anxiety disorder, but a true reflection of potential worry of not passing the exam, however, if a student exhibits consistent worry about not being good enough to succeed in life and this filters into almost every venue of life, then one can see where anxiety can unravel into pathology.

Please also review AIHCP’s Healthcare Certification programs in mental health.

Causes of Anxiety Disorders

How one reacts and handles stressors and future problems is key to living a successful life.  It is not about not feeling these interior movements, but being able to cope with them and maintain them within normal levels.  There are biological, psychological and social conditions that need to be considered to explain why some individuals are more prone to anxiety disorders than others.  Biologically, individuals with anxiety disorders have lower levels of gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA) which helps keep the neurons from firing and hence keeps individuals calmer (Barlow, et al., 2023).  In addition, some individuals have issues within the limbic system and its association with fight of flight.  An overstressed autonomic nervous system can keep a person’s sympathetic branch more alert and on fire due to past trauma.  While PTSD is now considered a trauma disorder, anxiety is still closely tied to PTSD, and individuals suffering from a variety of anxiety disorders also experience overactive sympathetic branches (Barlow, et al., 2023).

Psychologically, there are different interpretations for why anxiety exists in some and not others.  Psychoanalytic schools of Freud see anxiety a severe mechanical break down of systems.  Freud considered anxiety to be an internal warning sign of the ego regarding subconscious conflicts or forbidden impulses. Behaviorists considered anxiety to be due to learned behavior regarding modeling from others or cognitively through uncorrelated ideas about the self and one’s surroundings (McRay, 2016).   Parents who teach their child control and predictability also help create a healthy mindset for healthier thoughts about life, coping and resiliency (Barlow, et al., 2023).   In addition, parents who are overbearing and controlling, impede the child’s ability to become resilient and also incur interior fears about life that can later manifest as anxiety.

Social factors also play a key role in one’s dance with anxiety.  Past traumatic events can weaken the autonomic nervous system.  In addition, numerous losses, as well as interpersonal distresses ranging from divorce to loss of a family member can lower one’s ability to resist future anxiety disorders.  These disorders then can effect other aspects of social functioning (Barlow, et al., 2022).

Spiritually, one’s faith can also play as a key anchor against anxiety.  In fact, any world view or existential meaning in life can help one find security in times of angst.  Existentialist philosophy teaches that the world is filled with trouble, loss and anxiety but it how one faces it that determines one’s control of life direction.  Instead of avoidance, hiding, or fear, world views can help individuals find courage, fortitude and faith in their direction.

An integrated model for anxiety vulnerability best illustrates why some succumb to anxiety disorders and others do not.  One must look a diathesis models that look at genetic vulnerabilities, life stressors, and mental and cognitive world views that all come together to overwhelm an individual.  Biological vulnerabilities include inherited traits.  Generalized psychological vulnerabilities include world views, such as believing the world is a dangerous and unsafe place.  Finally, specific psychological vulnerabilities are what one learns from individual experience or what is taught in childhood (Barlow, et al., 2022).  When an event occurs that challenges everything, some individuals may be weakened enough to enter into a disproportionate response of anxiety.

Types of Anxiety Disorders

The DSM-V-TR lists a variety of anxiety disorders, including GAD, SAD, phobias, panic disorder, and separation anxiety

The DSM-V-TR lists 7 anxiety disorders.  Again, it is important to notate, OCD and PSTD are no longer listed with core anxiety disorders albeit they exhibit anxious symptoms and are closely related.  In addition, hoarding and various picking at self disorders are tied with OCD. The manual follows life span development as its means of listing order for anxiety, as well as all disorders.  It lists Separation Anxiety, Selective Mutism, Phobia, Social Anxiety Disorder, Panic Disorder, Agoraphobia, General Anxiety, and Substance/Meditation-Induced Anxiety Disorder (DSM-V-TR, 2022).

In this short blog, we will look at General Anxiety Disorder (GAD), phobias, Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD),  Panic Disorders with Agoraphobia and Separation Anxiety.  Please also review AIHCP’s Stress Management Program.

GAD

General Anxiety Disorder involves unsubstantiated worry over numerous dimensions of life and is not just tied to one thing, such as an attachment to one person, or how one is viewed in public.  The disturbances are excessive in nature and occurring for more days than not over a period of 6 months.  The individual is unable to stop or control worrying.  The symptoms are tied to restlessness or being on edge, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension and sleep disturbance.  The DSM-V-TR states that only 3 or more of these symptoms are required.  Key to the diagnosis is that the anxiety causes extreme impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning (DSM-V-TR, 2022).  GAD is also associated with increase suicidal thoughts and behaviors.  It also can have a comorbidity with depression disorders.  Anxiety is usually tied at a higher percentage to women but also occurs in men.

Selective Phobias

Phobias are unrealistic reactions to things that cause heightened anxiety even without the object or thing or place present.  Natural to survival and the autonomic nervous system is the reaction to fear through the sympathetic branch and its fight or flight responses.  Hence fear is a negative effect within the sympathetic nervous system that alarms the body to present danger (Barlow, et al., 2023). It is important to note that many fears that become phobias are tied to natural biological and evolutional reactions.  Avoiding the dark, or being careful in high places, or be cautious around potential poisonous creatures as snakes or spiders are good things but phobias hijack the sympathetic nervous system and cause disproportionate anxiety to these things even when they are not present.  Phobias are coded in the DSM-V-TR according to animals such as snakes or spiders, natural environment such as heights, water or storms, blood injection-injury such bodily fluids, needles, or injections, or situational such as airplanes, elevators or enclosed places (2022).

Diagnosis involves a heightened and fearful anxiety regarding any of the listed phobias.  The situation or thing must always provoke immediate anxiety or fear.  These things or places are actively avoided or endured with intense fear.  The fear or anxiety is out of proportion with the reality of danger.  The fear or anxiety is persistent for 6 months are more.  The fear or anxiety causes social impairment in social, occupational or other areas of functioning and these symptoms are not explained through other mental or substance issues (DSM-V-TR, 2022).

SAD

Social anxiety disorder is anxiety that is disproportionate based on social implications of performance, speaking, or being in social settings.  Ironically, for some performers, regular social settings may not cause anxiety but for others everyday interaction in social settings, even if they are not speaking or performing can cause anxiety.  Hence these individuals become extremely nervous even in school, or parties, or other events.  It revolves around perceptions of how they perceive they are seen, or viewed by others.  A microscopic lens is placed over every action or word they say.  This may be due to fear of rejection, embarrassment or ridicule.  While again, it is natural sometimes to feel some anxiety within social norms in everyday life or if performing the next day, the anxiety associated with SAD impairs functioning.  It overtakes the person and causes intense somatic symptoms even upon the thought of social activity.  In addition, panic attacks can associate with SAD prior to an event or during a social setting.   Many sometimes will completely avoid functions, or mask it with substance abuse issues.  Social anxiety disorders are more highly diagnosed with women and also children entered into their teen age years but can happen to both men and women.

Sometimes closely tied to SAD is body image.  Since SAD focuses on anxiety surrounding on perceptions of others, Body Dysmorphic Disorder can play a big role especially in teens.  BDD focuses on minute or even non-existent perceived flaws in the body.  This subjective issue becomes a obsessive pursuit through various compulsions to alter or make better these small blemishes.   For some, this disorder is then tied to SAD.

The DSM-V-TR utilizes the following diagnosis criteria.  It lists marked fear or anxiety regarding one or more social interactions that expose an individual to possible scrutiny that involves conversations, social events, dates, meeting unfamiliar people, as well being observed by others.  The manual notes that individuals feel they will be negatively evaluated, humiliated, or embarrassed or rejected.  The social settings must always provoke fear or anxiety.  In addition, the individual will look to avoid these settings and the fear and anxiety is out of proportion with the actual sociocultural context.  The fear or anxiety must present itself for 6 months or more and causes intense impairment.  These conditions are not attributed to other mental disorders or substances (2022).

Panic Disorders and Agoraphobia

Panic disorders are continual and persistent panic attacks.  Arogaphobia is fear of public places with crowds due to the fear of possible panic attacks.  Both are separate disorders but are tied closely together due to the nature of panic attacks. Panic disorder according to the DSM-V-TR is a recurrent phenomenon where an abrupt level of anxiety manifests within minutes.  It can be expected or triggered or even unexpected in some cases.  The attacks can occur one per week for months, or less frequent attacks separated by weeks or months.  Not all panic attacks are tied to Panic Disorder since some panic attacks are tied to Social Anxiety Disorder.  Panic Disorder and panic attacks cause somatic physiological symptoms that include palpitations, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, feelings of choking, chest pain, nausea, dizziness, chills or heat sensations, paresthesias, derealization, and fear of loss of control or dying (2022).   The DSM-V-TR also states that anxiety and fear over future panic attacks are followed within the month, especially in regards to the symptoms, as well as maladaptive measures to avoid future panic attacks (2022).  Of course, these disturbances are not due to any other diagnosed mental issue or substance or medication.

Those who suffer with Agoraphobia fear public situations where possible panic attacks could occur and the embarrassment or issues that may occur if in a public area because of it.  The DSM-V-TR lists public transportation, open public spaces like super markets or parking lots, enclosed places like theatres, large crowds or standing in line, or being alone outside of the home.  The person faces extreme anxiety over these thoughts and will actively look to avoid these places to the point of impairing one’s social, professional and academic life.  The fear is disproportionate, persistent and lasts for over 6 months and is not caused due to other diagnosed mental illness, substance or medication (2022).

Separation Anxiety 

Separation anxiety deals with intense disproportionate fear and dread of being separated from a caregiver, loved one, or a child.  It is more common in children but can also manifest in adults with children.  This should not be misinterpreted for natural anxiety after a traumatic event or even a new parent, but is a persistent and disproportionate reaction that involves fear and dread of losing a loved on or something bad happening to oneself when the loved one is not present.   Traumatic events, unhealthy attachments as a child, or overbearing parenting can lead to potential development of Separation Anxiety Disorder.

The DSM-V-TR states criteria for diagnosis states that excessive fear or anxiety regarding anxiety must manifest in three or more examples.  Recurrent or inappropriate fear when anticipating or experiencing separation. Persistent worry about losing a major attachment figure to illness, injury, disaster or death.  Worry of kidnapping, accidents, illness, or unfounded events.  Refusal to go other places for fear of separation with figure.  Persistent fear about being alone with the other figure.  Trouble sleeping without or being away from home without the other figure.  Repeated nightmares involving the scheme of separation with the figure and somatic physiological ailments such as headaches, stomach aches, vomiting and nausea stemming from the anxiety (2022).  These issues must persist for 6 months in adults and 4 weeks in children and cause impairment in all social spheres of life.  Again, it cannot be attributed to other mental illness, substance or medication.

Treatment

Psychotherapy, medications and holistic approaches can help individuals overcome anxiety issues. Please also review AIHCP’s Stress Management Program

In all of these cases of anxiety, suicidal ideation can be a symptom to closely monitor.  Obviously, some individuals will exhibit mild, moderate or severe and need treatments based on their individual needs.  In addition, it is important during treatment to be aware of any comorbidities such as depression that may exist with presenting problem or diagnosis.   It is also important to be mindful of cultural aspects that can normalize certain actions that may seem abnormal to other cultures.  Finally, it is important to be delicate in diagnosis to prevent labeling and other mental health stigma (DSM-V-TR, 2022).

In clinical settings, Cognitive Behavioral Therapies (CBT) are the most utilized behavioral therapy to help the person reframe and rethink their anxieties.   Some individuals with Anxiety Disorders  have a recognition of of illogical thinking despite the feelings and can rationalize while others have differing levels of lack of logical thinking and are completely controlled by these thoughts.  For instance, an adult with Separation Anxiety Disorder may acknowledge the improbability of bad things occurring to loved a one but still feel the anxiety while others may be completely under the delusion that something will happen.  This happens also in cases of hoarding and OCD.   CBT can help individuals better rationally reframe reality from fantasy and help individuals rethink what they are experiencing.  For instance, someone who is facing Social Anxiety Disorder, may be able to reframe negative images and perceptions of what others are thinking into positive and more likely things, or even recognize that their perception of being the center of attention is not a reality.  In regards to phobia, exposure therapies are a key way to help individuals face exaggerated anxiety.  Many behaviorists believe that pathology is tied to operant and classical conditioning during childhood.  How someone was raised or how their behavior was influenced plays key roles to phobias and anxiety.  With phobias, new learned experiences can help reshape the neuroplasticity of the brain and how it perceives threats.  Exposure therapies gradually create new experiences (Barlow, et al., 2022).

In addition to CBT and other cognitive behaviors, pharmacological treatments can help alleviate anxiety.  Benzodiazaphines can help GABA levels become more stable and calm the person (McRay, 2016).  Xanax, as well as Ativan can help alleviate the intense lack of calm and anxiousness and help the person find peace but it is important to note that long term use of these drugs exceeding 2 weeks or a month can lead to addiction.  Hence these drugs are more for acute purposes instead of long term treatment.  Many issues associated with anxiety is also tied with serotonin levels.  SRRI can play a role in helping regulate mood.  Paxil is a common drug used to help individuals with anxiety that can be used long term and help regulate mood (Barlow, et al., 2023).

Other holistic and natural remedies can also be utilized.  Supplements for GABA under the care of a healthcare professional can be utilized as well as calming techniques, meditation, and prayer.  In addition, hypnosis and EFT can also play key roles in helping manage anxiety.  Please review AIHCP’s EFT Practitioner Program

From a Pastoral approach, pastoral care givers should be ready to refer clients to clinical professionals but they can also aid with coping skills, reframing, and helping individuals find meaning.  For Christians, biblical approaches that tie the person to the life of Christ and how biblical characters faced anxiety can be modeling examples.  In addition, how does one’s faith approach anxiety and worry?  Analyzing faith and teachings can help build resiliency within the person.  Spirituality is many times forgotten or swept under the rug, but spirituality plays a key role in how one thinks and feels in life.  It is hence important to include pastoral approaches that address existential and spiritual explanations for anxiety in life (McRay, 2016).

Conclusion

Please also review AIHCP’s Healthcare Certifications

Anxiety is natural but also the most common mental malady.  Diagnosis is not a simple process but a complex one.  While all these disorders differ in some degree, the primary culprit is a disproportionate anxiety response.  Causes can range from biological, psychological, social and spiritual in nature.  Helping others understand and sometimes helping them at a medical level is key to helping control and maintain anxiety.

Please also review AIHCP’s Stress Management Consulting Program as well as AIHCP’s multiple healthcare certifications in grief, crisis, anger, meditation, trauma informed care and spiritual counseling.

Additional AIHCP Blogs

Stress Management and Anxiety Disorders,  Click here

EFT and Anxiety.  Access here

Additional Resources

Anxiety Disorders.  Mayo Clinic.  Access here

Anxiety Disorders.  Cleveland Clinic.  Access here

Guy, Evans, O. (2025). “7 Types of Anxiety Disorders: Signs, Causes, & Management”. Simply Psychology.  Access here

References

American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder” DSM-5-TR (5th ed., text revision). American Psychiatric Association Publishing.

Barlow, D.H., Durand, V.M., & Hofmann, S.G. (2023). Psychopathology. An integrative approach to mental disorder (9th  ed.). Cengage Learning

McRay, B.W., Yarhouse, M.A., Butman, R.E., & Kiple, C. (2016). Modern psychopathologies: A comprehensive Christian appraisal. (2nd, ed.) IVP Academic

 

Why Dementia Care Requires a New Healthcare Mindset 

Posted on by Joseph Gerard

Head made of puzzle pieces falling away from it

Written by Deepika

Back in 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) had predicted that dementia cases worldwide would reach 78 million by 2030. Few conditions challenge the healthcare system like this one. Firstly, dementia is not a standalone health issue. It may be caused by several diseases that damage the brain over time. 

Secondly, the WHO shares that this condition affects every individual differently, depending on other issues and one’s cognitive health. In a nutshell, healthcare hasn’t been able to confine dementia to a box. 

Over the years, it looks like the prediction is not only becoming a reality, but healthcare is also entering a more complicated era. There is a rising awareness that dementia cannot be addressed through medical treatment alone. 

Is the traditional approach to dementia care enough? The answer is not affirmative, as healthcare leaders are looking beyond the disease to the social, emotional, and practical challenges that accompany it. 

This article will offer a view of dementia care through the lens of future needs. We will understand why a new healthcare mindset is the need of the hour to benefit patients and their families in the years ahead. 

 

Dementia Is Not Simply a Memory Issue 

It’s sad to think that many people still associate dementia with memory loss. The general masses may be excused for such a thought, but what about healthcare professionals? 

There is no room to look past the myriad of other issues that stem from this condition. Let’s understand why dementia cannot be classified as just another memory problem: 

Forgetfulness Is Just One of the Earliest Warning Signs 

In a lot of dementia cases, forgetfulness or memory problems are just the beginning. Other areas of cognition are impacted as the condition advances. These include concentration, decision-making, and communication. 

A longitudinal study was published in 2025 that followed 2,118 older adults over five years. It found that individuals with limitations in daily activities like shopping or money management were at greater risk of developing dementia. 

At the same time, the scientific community is expanding its understanding of the disease. Commenting on the present state of the condition, Heather Cooper Ortner, President and CEO of Alzheimer’s Los Angeles, said, “There has been a dramatic increase in the number of clinical trials testing new therapies.” Why would this be the case if it’s just another well-known memory problem? 

The Emotional Side of the Condition Often Gets Lost in the Shuffle 

Once the layers of ‘only memory issue’ and other cognitive effects are taken off, beneath lies a more complex problem. The emotional and behavioral effects that accompany dementia can be just as difficult to deal with. 

Issues like depression, anxiety, and sudden mood changes are known to occur alongside dementia. Familiar tasks may suddenly become overwhelming or difficult. There have been cases where family members have confessed to not being able to recognize their loved one after dementia progressed. 

A 2024 study published in 2025 confirmed that the psychological symptoms of dementia are associated with anxiety, depression, and hallucinations. It was also found that these symptoms affect nearly 90% of people with dementia at some point in time. So, a purely medical approach won’t work. 

Dementia Is Not a Condition of an Individual 

From a physical perspective, only one person may be affected. However, it would be too simplistic to consider the condition itself as that of an individual. If anything, the ripples take over the patient’s family and friends. 

With the syndrome’s progression, caregivers must steadily take on new roles. This includes managing daily care, ensuring safety, and providing constant supervision. The emotional stress compounds when caregivers must balance caregiving with work. Even social isolation is common when families must withdraw from community events or gatherings due to the unpredictability of the condition. 

A 2025 study was conducted on caregivers of individuals with dementia. It was discovered that they experienced considerably higher levels of psychological distress, sleep disturbances, and anxiety. Healthcare cannot solely focus on the patient. Even their loved ones need emotional support and proper guidance. 

 

Clinical Treatment Is a Part of the Equation, Not the Whole

At least it is widely known by now that dementia is largely a progressive condition. This means that a straightforward approach, which involves diagnosis, medication, and follow-ups, won’t truly suffice. 

First, and since this is the age of health tech, let’s talk about prevention. A preventive neurologist, Dr. Richard Isaacson, said in an interview with CNN that “We can win the tug of war with our genes.” He made this statement in the context of those with a genetic risk of developing dementia, saying that a Mediterranean diet can help prevent the potential problem. 

If AI is advanced enough to help identify patients at risk, then why not nip the issue in the bud? As for the treatment aspect, a coordinated approach involving different healthcare professionals is non-negotiable. 

Take the example of nursing, which has stepped up to meet the intense demands and pressures. Advanced practice roles pursued through a Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) are gaining importance because they enable students to go beyond bedside care. 

For complex chronic conditions like dementia, many professionals go a step further with a doctoral-level course. A Doctor of Nursing Practice – Family Nurse Practitioner (DNP-FNP) builds on this foundation by preparing nurses for clinical leadership and full-spectrum primary care. 

As Baylor University notes, the curriculum includes an in-depth study of pathophysiology, advanced health assessment, informatics, epidemiology, and healthcare policy. What’s more is that nursing professionals need not quit their current roles to transition into leadership. 

Educational institutions are offering MSN to DNP-FNP programs online that provide flexibility of work and study. A 2024 peer-reviewed report revealed that DNP graduates were more likely to engage in professional leadership, including advocacy initiatives. This is what is needed at an institutional level to go beyond direct patient care. 

Let’s see what effective dementia care must include besides clinical treatment: 

  • Person-centered care approaches that respect the individual’s history, preferences, and identity 
  • Caregiver guidance and education to help families understand behavioral changes 
  • Psychological and emotional support in the form of counseling for both patients and their families 
  • Collaboration between different healthcare professionals to ensure a holistic approach 
  • Social engagement and environmental support which can reduce confusion and isolation 
  • Care decisions based on ethics and patient dignity, especially as the condition progresses 

 

It’s Time to Adopt a New Dementia Care Model 

Is the current healthcare system fully capable of delivering the kind of care dementia demands? Not really, as many models still revolve around short consultations and fragmented support systems.

To put things into perspective, there is a gap between care delivery and the progression of dementia. A 2025 randomized clinical trial assessed different models of dementia care, following over 2,000 patient-caregiver pairs over 18 months. 

No significant differences were found in patient cognitive outcomes or caregiver strain between intervention models and usual care. So, the leap from theory to reality has to be a huge one. As long as the underlying model of care limits meaningful change, patients have little hope. 

It’s high time that healthcare institutions adopt a new dementia care model. Changes should be concrete and take place at the root, as follows: 

  • Patients should not feel like they are moving through a fragmented network of doctors and services. Continuous and coordinated care is the order of the day. 
  • Care teams must be trained to notice early changes and respond to them on priority. 
  • Brief appointments are not enough because dementia changes with time. Patients and their families need regular follow-ups and guidance. 
  • The ultimate focus of dementia care cannot be the patient’s symptoms, but also the additional social and emotional challenges. 

 

FAQs 

What’s driving the rising complexity of dementia care?

The reason behind the increasing complexity of dementia care is the fact that it affects more than a patient’s memory. Even communication capabilities and emotional stability are impacted in different ways for different individuals. At the same time, rising cases of dementia are creating pressure on healthcare. This combination is the driving factor behind the aforementioned complexity. 

Why does clinical treatment in itself not suffice for dementia care?

Clinical treatment, although important, is only a part of dementia care since the condition is more complex than it seems. Most patients experience emotional and behavioral symptoms at some point, which cannot be managed by medication alone. Another aspect of proper treatment is educating and guiding caregivers who are at risk of sleep issues and stress. 

What is the future of dementia care expected to look like?

The predominant change that will be seen is that of a more integrated care model rather than short clinical visits. Early interventions, both preventive and post-diagnosis, are expected to improve the patient’s quality of life. Most importantly, a coordinated approach between different healthcare professionals will become the norm. 

 

Recent Data on Dementia and Care Models 

WHO projection for dementia cases worldwide by 2030  78 million 
WHO on the effects of dementia  Each individual is affected differently, depending on their cognitive health and other issues 
2024 study on the connection between the psychological symptoms of dementia and anxiety, depression, and hallucinations  Directly proportional, with the symptoms affecting nearly 90% of patients at some point in time 
2025 longitudinal study following 2,118 older adults over five years on dementia risk   Those facing limitations with daily activities like shopping and money management were found to be at greater risk 
2025 study conducted on caregivers of patients with dementia  Higher levels of psychological distress, sleep disturbances, and anxiety were found 
2024 peer-reviewed study findings on DNP graduates  Were more likely to engage in professional leadership, including advocacy initiatives 
2025 randomized clinical trial on different models of dementia care involving 2,000 patients followed over 18 months  No considerable differences were found in patient cognitive outcomes or caregiver strain between intervention models and usual care 

Dementia care is getting more complex by the day, primarily because we understand it more clearly than ever before. With a rapidly aging population and increasing diagnoses, this complexity will only grow further. 

There is also a silver lining within this challenge. With the undeniable pressures that dementia brings, it also invites healthcare professionals to be more compassionate and attentive to the human aspect of the condition. 

Perhaps this is where the most important progress lies. Essentially, the future of dementia care is about developing better systems that make people feel seen and understood throughout each stage of their journey. 

References:

  1. World Health Organization. 2021. World failing to address dementia challenge.

https://www.who.int/news/item/02-09-2021-world-failing-to-address-dementia-challenge

  1. World Health Organization. 2025. Dementia. 

https://www.who.int/westernpacific/newsroom/fact-sheets/detail/dementia

  1. Makino Keitaro, Lee Sangyoon, et al. 2025. Prediction of dementia risk by instrumental activities of daily living limitations and its impact on dementia onset in combination with mild cognitive impairment: a population-based longitudinal study. Springer Nature Link. Volume 25, 1535. 

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-025-22788-z

  1. Lopez Steve. 2025. With recent advances, it’s a very exciting time for dementia researchers. Los Angeles Times. 

https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-09-06/lopez-column-advances-in-dementia-research-a-very-exciting-time

  1. Shi Tianyue, Ding Yaping, et al. 2025. Association between pain and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in older adults with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Springer Nature Link. Volume 25, 100. 

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12877-025-05719-w

  1. Chen I-Wen. 2025. The impact of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia on mental health, sleep quality, and caregiver’s burden. PubMed. 

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40261108/

  1. Cooper Anderson. 2025. Neurologist: we can win the tug-of-war with our genes. CNN Health. 

https://edition.cnn.com/2025/08/25/health/video/isaacson-mediterranean-diet-helps-prevent-dementia-ac360-digvid

  1. Inman Dianna, Taylor A. Kimberly, et al. 2024. Outcomes for MSN and DNP graduates: a descriptive study. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners. Volume 20, Issue 9. 

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1555415524002344

  1. Reuben B. David, Stevens B. Alan, et al. 2025. Patient and caregiver outcomes of health system, community-based, and usual dementia care. JAMA Network. Volume 85, 10. 

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/2838336

 

Author Bio

Deepika has over six years of experience as a writer and editor. Passionate about words and learning, she takes an interest in a variety of niches. Her knack for turning complex ideas into relatable narratives allows her to resonate with the reader. 

When her pen falls silent, you can find her engrossed in a novel or getting her hands messy with fine arts. By these, Deepika is committed to keeping her curiosity and creativity alive. 

 

 

Please also review AIHCP’s Pastoral Thanatology Certification program and CE Courses see if it meets your academic and professional goals.  These programs are online and independent study and open to qualified professionals seeking a four year certification

How Holistic Nursing Is Reshaping Patient Care

Posted on by Joseph Gerard

A nurse holding a toy heart.

Written by Agwalogu Bob

Sarah is a 65-year-old oncology patient. On paper, she’s doing great. The way her lab results look, she might be going home any day now.

But she doesn’t seem happy about it. In fact, she talks to people less recently, barely eats, and always looks sad and drained. 

Instead of brushing it off as one of those strange things that happen in hospitals, one nurse decided to dig deeper. So, she sits with Sarah after rounds just to talk. In a few days, the truth came out: Sarah is terrified of going home to an empty house once she’s discharged.

This type of situation captures the essence of holistic nursing: concern about the patient’s overall well-being.

And it works, too. In fact, a 2025 study published in Scientific Reports found that patients who received holistic care had shorter ICU stays than those who got standard care alone. The data backs up what many nurses already know: patients do better when they feel heard, supported, and truly understood.

What Is Holistic Nursing?

So, what exactly is holistic nursing? The simplest way to define it is to lift directly from the American Holistic Nurses Association (AHNA). AHNA defines holistic nursing as “all nursing practice that has healing the whole person as its goal.”

Holistic nursing isn’t fringe medicine or an add-on to “real” nursing. What separates it from conventional care is its scope.

Conventional nursing, while great with acute physical problems, often focuses only on symptoms. Holistic nurses believe this outlook is narrow. They look at the broader picture and ask questions like: What does this patient’s whole life tell us about how to help them heal?

The idea is to look at every aspect of the patient to get a faster and more efficient approach to helping them recover.

How Holistic Patient Care Is Reshaping Modern Healthcare

Stroll into any medical facility today, and you’ll see nurses doing things differently from 10 years ago. Many nurses do guided breathwork before a painful procedure. Some offer mindfulness tools alongside medication. A lot culturally assess patients before any interaction. All of those things are elements of holistic nursing.

They don’t just do these things out of compassion. It’s also about the results. We already talked about holistic nursing, resulting in shorter ICU stays. That’s one part of it.

But beyond that, whole-person care is also good for the nurses. A 2025 report found that 65% of nurses surveyed said that they’re burnt out, and many want to leave nursing within the year for this reason.

You also see sentiments like these online, especially on Reddit subthreads.

“The reason I’m burnt out is that I care too much, or maybe that others around me don’t care enough.” — Nurse on Reddit, referencing the lack of meaningful connection in healthcare.

The problem is that it’s not just nurses who suffer as a result of burnout. Patients also suffer. In fact, a 2024 study published in JAMA Network found that nurse burnout can lead to lower patient safety and reduced quality of care.

But holistic nursing practice changes all that.

Instead of viewing patients as items on a chart, holistic models encourage nurses to slow down and take the time to understand context. 

  • Why is the patient not getting better? 
  • Why are they skipping medication? 
  • Is cultural difference a problem?

All of these sounds simple, but it changes things dramatically. That’s why in many healthcare facilities today, nurses work closely with counselors, dietitians, social workers, and chaplains. The goal? To provide care that’s more connected instead of fragmented.

How Nurses Can Get into Holistic Practice

If you’re a licensed nurse and like what you’re reading about holistic practice, how do you get into it? Surprisingly, it’s very simple. You can get started by doing a continuing education certification program through the AIHCP.

But if you want to operate at an organizational level, then you should be looking at advanced education. This means a master’s in nursing. 

The good news is that you don’t have to quit your job to earn a master’s or a Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) degree. There are online Texas nursing programs that make this happen with little or no impact on your work-life balance.

Of course, there are equally great programs elsewhere. However, Texas, being home to some of the largest medical facilities, including the  Texas Medical Center (TMC), it makes sense to choose there.

These programs, according to Texas Woman’s University, give you the skills for holistic patient care, including in areas like family dynamics, community influences, and life stages.

And the demand for nurses in this niche is pretty impressive. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, demand for nurse practitioners will grow 35% before 2034. This means that there will be more opportunities for nurses to step into roles that require holistic expertise.

The Future of Whole-Person Care

The need for whole-person or holistic care isn’t going to drop anytime soon. In fact, it will continue to grow as populations age and illnesses become more common.

Thankfully, technology has made delivering holistic care easier. In 2024 alone, more than 71% of physicians used telehealth in their weekly practices. Nurses are not left out. They, too, can now monitor patients remotely while at the same time checking on other aspects of their well-being. That’s a very different model from the old “treat and discharge” approach.

It goes without saying that holistic nurses are no longer seen as alternative outliers. They’re becoming essential to the future of healthcare.

FAQs

How is holistic nursing different from conventional nursing?

Holistic nursing is different from conventional because, instead of just diagnosing and managing physical symptoms, it looks at the patient’s entire life. The idea is to handle emotional, social, spiritual, and physical well-being together for faster healing and recovery.

Can an MSN help me specialize in holistic care?

Definitely. A master’s in nursing can absolutely help you build advanced skills needed in holistic and patient-centered care settings. In fact, many MSN programs now include courses like care coordination and mental health, which are invaluable to integrative healthcare.

Is there a growing demand for holistic nurses?

Yes, there is. With nurse practitioner roles expected to grow up to 35% by 2034, according to the U.S. BLS, there’s certainly a demand. What’s more, this demand for nurses who provide whole-person care will rise almost in direct proportion to people’s age and illnesses.

Holistic Nursing in Numbers

Details Figure
Patients who received holistic care had shorter ICU stays than standard care patients Holistic care 10% vs. normal care 23%
Percentage of nurses who experience burnout in 2025 65%
Projected growth of nurse practitioner roles by the U.S. BLS 35% by 2034
Number of physicians using telehealth services 71% in 2024

Final Thoughts

Healthcare isn’t just about looking at what people represent in charts or computer systems. The heart of it is caring, and that’s what holistic nursing is all about. That’s also why it’s becoming increasingly popular.

If you’re a nurse leaning toward this kind of care, you’re on the right track. Don’t hesitate to explore opportunities for growth in this area. Healthcare is rapidly going holistic, and it needs people like you to be at the center of things.

 

References:

Fang Cao. (2025). Cohort study on Medical-Integrated holistic nursing’s impact on intensive care unit patients’ outcomes, complications, and comprehensive health care. Scientific Reports. Retrieved from Springer Nature

American Holistic Nurses’ Association (AHNA). (n.d.). What is Holistic Nursing? Retrieved from the AHNA website.

Melnyk BM, Davidson JE, Tucker S, Tan A, Hsieh AP, Cooper A, Mayfield C, Hoying J. (2025). Burnout, Mental Health, and Workplace Characteristics: Contributors and Protective Factors Associated With Suicidal Ideation in High-Risk Nurses. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. Retrieved from PubMed Central.

Li LZ, Yang P, Singer SJ, Pfeffer J, Mathur MB, Shanafelt T. (2024). Nurse Burnout and Patient Safety, Satisfaction, and Quality of Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Netw Open. Retrieved from PubMed Central.

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2025). Nurse Anesthetists, Nurse Midwives, and Nurse Practitioners. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Retrieved from the U.S. BLS website.

Tanya Albert Henry. (2025). New data details how telehealth use varies by physician specialty. American Medical Association. Retrieved from the AMA website.

 

Author bio

Agwalogu Bob believes great content doesn’t just inform, it resonates, and then sticks. For over eight years, he’s been helping agencies across four continents craft just that kind of content: sharp, engaging cut-through-the-noise copy across SaaS, finance, tech, health, and lifestyle. 

When he’s not putting pen to paper, you’ll likely find him scouring the internet for funny memes. 

Connect with him on LinkedIn or Medium.

 

 

Please also review AIHCP’s Holistic Nursing Certification program and Nurse Courses see if it meets your academic and professional goals.  These programs are online and independent study and open to qualified professionals seeking a four year certification

How Nursing Professionals Can Lower the Global Chronic Disease Burden

Posted on by Joseph Gerard

Portrait of young nurse with badge crossing arms and smiling at camera

Written by Deboshree Bhattacharjee,

Health problems can be frustrating enough, but they somehow feel worse when we realize we could have prevented them. We could have taken steps to avoid falling prey to ailments that now require long-term management.

The world’s chronic disease burden can be distressing. The Peterson KFF tracker reports that chronic diseases are a leading cause of death. Whether it is hypertension, kidney disease, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), they continue to affect people despite advancements in medical treatment.

In the US, these conditions comprise 80% of the primary causes of death. While not all conditions are preventable, several connect directly to physical inactivity and substance abuse. 

Nursing professionals can play a significant role in transforming this state of affairs, provided they have a community and regulatory support system.

 

Recommending and Supporting Patients Through Preventive Steps

The most impactful intervention for avoiding chronic disease is to recognize the possibility of it developing from an early stage in a person’s life. Nurses, who may interact with patients across their lifespan, can deliver tailored recommendations that can improve health outcomes.

For example, a 2024 study in the European Respiratory Review explains that COPD does not always develop in adulthood due to smoking or pollution exposure. The scholars assert that this chronic disease is also connected to early respiratory infections and poor nutrition. 

“It has been proposed that COPD (and many other chronic diseases) results from different dynamic and cumulative gene–environment interactions occurring over the lifetime of the individual.” – Rosa Faner et al., Researcher, European Respiratory Review.

This makes it crucial to study early-life influences and take the necessary steps to reduce the risk of developing the illness. Even for conditions like cancer, timely interventions may lower an individual’s risk to some extent. This is especially true for obesity-related cancers. 

A British Journal of Cancer study notes that large-scale weight management may be able to prevent such cancers. GLP-1 agonists (glucagon-like-peptide) have been found to be a potent pharmacotherapy approach for managing obesity. Lifestyle-based interventions, such as dietary and exercise changes, can also be supporting agents.

Nurses can recommend data-backed preventive approaches for chronic illness and help patients follow through on them. This requires a deeper and more intimate relationship with a patient than a physician may be able to build or have the time for. A nurse’s focus on active listening and empathy is essential.

 

Steering Patient-Centric Research Based on Behavioral Cues

Another far-reaching way nursing practitioners can impact public health is through research that is genuinely patient-centered. In both inpatient and outpatient settings, nurses have the opportunity to observe patients closely. Behavioral cues can reveal a great deal about how a patient is coping with a condition and whether they are adhering to their medication.

Consistency and proactive caution are vital in preventing and managing chronic disease. In 2024, a research study in the International Journal of General Medicine found that narrative nursing decreased the negative emotions perceived by patients with digestive tract cancers. The core tenets of such nursing include understanding patients’ conditions and needs through their own narratives to deliver personalized care.

Working professionals who pursue a Doctor of Nursing Practice online can learn to apply scientific inquiry and technology to conduct further research in these areas. At the same time, they can continue to fulfill their current roles and remain connected to ground-level patient care.

According to Wilkes University, developing leadership skills to advance nursing practice is a strong step toward applying research to solve global health problems. This strategy equips you to shape the regulatory and policy framework while contributing insightfully with patient behavioral cues. 

 

Extending Patient Care Through Telehealth and Virtual Means

For nurses, maintaining continuity of care is paramount. It ensures that people with chronic illness or those at risk of developing it have support and guidance. Unfortunately, many people in remote and rural areas lack reliable access to healthcare. This increases their risk of developing chronic ailments.

Telehealth and digitally administered care can fill this gap. Regular sessions help nurses look for warning signs and recommend immediate action. 

For example, physically restricting conditions such as arthritis can often impact mental health. Individuals who feel disconnected from their peers and family members can experience isolation and loneliness. 

It does not bode well for those with a greater risk of developing depression, another chronic illness. A 2026 Gallup poll finds that more than 19% of US adults report having or receiving treatment for depression. This translates to roughly 51 million Americans. Nurses who track patients’ health over time can notice early signs of a depressive episode, such as tiredness and mood swings. 

It is heartening that alternative models of nursing care are becoming popular. It can bring substantial improvements in dealing with chronic illnesses among people who find in-person care difficult due to various reasons. Cost, travel, and social stigma are notable factors that virtual care can address.

 

FAQs

1. How can nurses help prevent chronic ailments?

Nurses can play a crucial role in preventing chronic disease by educating patients about healthy lifestyles and encouraging regular screenings. They can also monitor early warning signs and support long-term behavior changes. This personalized care and ongoing communication can help patients reduce risks associated with conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, and COPD.

2. Why is telehealth important in managing chronic diseases?

Telehealth can improve access to healthcare for patients in rural and remote communities. Through virtual consultations, nurses can monitor symptoms, provide follow-up care, and encourage adherence to medication. They can identify early signs of mental health concerns. Continuity of care enhances long-term health outcomes for people with chronic illnesses.

3. What role does patient-centered research play in limiting the chronic disease burden?

Patient-centered research allows healthcare professionals to understand how individuals experience chronic illnesses and respond to treatment plans. During patient interactions, nurses can observe behavioral patterns, emotional responses, and roadblocks to medication adherence. These insights can guide more personalized interventions and improve healthcare delivery. Over time, a research-focused approach can support policies for managing chronic diseases.

 

Nursing and the Global Chronic Disease Burden

Leading Causes of Death Chronic diseases account for 80% of the top causes of death in the U.S.
COPD Risk Factors Early respiratory infections and poor nutrition may contribute to the onset of COPD later in life.
Narrative Nursing Outcomes Narrative nursing interventions were found to reduce negative emotions among patients with digestive tract cancers.
Depression in the U.S. More than 19% of US adults report having or receiving treatment for depression, representing roughly 51 million people.
Role of Telehealth Virtual care models improve healthcare access for underserved and remote populations managing chronic illnesses.

 

Unburdening the World From Chronic Disease

The chronic disease burden remains a challenge for healthcare workers and policymakers all over the world. Evolving medical technologies have addressed some of the risk factors, making advanced treatment possible. However, nursing support is imperative for the smooth implementation of these changes in ways that benefit diverse patient communities.

Helping their patients through preventive steps to avoid chronic disease and actively participating in research initiatives can ease the burden. Nursing practitioners should also develop greater enthusiasm toward telehealth and digital care roles. These will be necessary to expand the ambit of care for underserved populations, who may also be more susceptible to chronic illness.

 

References:

Imani Telesford, Matthew McGough, Delaney Tevis, and Lynne Cotter   (2025). How has the burden of chronic diseases in the U.S. and peer nations changed over time? Retrieved from Peterson-KFF Health System Tracker

Rosa Faner, Michael H. Cho, and Gerard H. Koppelman (2024). Towards early detection and disease interception of COPD across the lifespan. Retrieved from European Respiratory Review

Harris, M., Brown, J. & Renehan, A.G. Preventing obesity-related cancer with the revolution in obesity management: the challenges of undertaking a clinical trial and potential solutions. British Journal of Cancer. Retrieved from BJC.

Zhng, Y. (2024). Effect of Narrative Nursing Intervention on Patients with Specific Digestive Tract Malignancies (Esophageal, Gastric, and Intestinal Cancers): A Retrospective Study. International Journal of General Medicine. Retrieved from Taylor and Francis.

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Program (2026). Wilkes University. Retrieved from the Wilkes University website.

Dan Witters (2026). U.S. Depression Rate Remains Elevated. Gallup. Retrieved from the Gallup website.

 

Author Bio:

Deboshree Bhattacharjee likes telling stories that delight and engage. Her focus areas include lifestyle, parenting, health & wellness, and technology. Besides writing, she also edits and strategizes content. Every morning, she wakes up with the northern lights in her eyes and chalks out travel plans.

 

 

 

Please also review AIHCP’s Case Management Certification program and our CE courses as well, to see if they meet your academic and professional goals.  These programs are online and independent study and open to qualified professionals seeking a four year certification

Could Predictive Healthcare Change Case Management Forever?

Posted on by Joseph Gerard

A nurse working with a patient

Written by Deepika

With the advent of Industry 4.0 technologies, everything has gone big. Clinical medicine is no exception, especially since big data has taken over. 

In 2025, the healthcare analytics market was estimated at $65.6 billion. It is expected to become $198.8 billion by 2033. What else can explain these numbers other than the gargantuan volumes of data the healthcare industry generates from electronic health records (EHRs), wearable devices, and more?

Moreover, many healthcare systems have redirected their attention towards a preventive approach, where health risks are identified and addressed before they become serious. In late 2024, the National Health Service (NHS) announced a world-first trial of an AI tool designed to predict a patient’s risk of developing Type II diabetes. 

Researchers found that the tool showed roughly 70% accuracy during testing. As for the claim? It is to be refined until those at risk can be identified up to 13 years before the condition develops. This concentrated focus on predictive healthcare directly connects to case management. 

Predictive tools do show promise in helping case managers monitor vulnerable patients and maintain continuity of care between providers. This article dives deep into the ways in which predictive healthcare could redefine modern case management. Will it change it forever, and if so, then how? Let’s explore in detail. 

 

The Revolutionary Role of Predictive Analytics in Preventive Healthcare 

Preventive healthcare has been a blessing in disguise, as it holds the potential to improve life expectancy and reduce hospitalization rates. Healthcare providers need not wait for symptoms to fully develop before an accurate diagnosis can be made. By this time, many conditions often get out of control.  

Data patterns, patient histories, and digital tools are supporting earlier decision-making. So, the goal has shifted from treatment to the timely detection and prevention of a disease. In practical terms, predictive analytics makes it possible to apply preventive strategies across clinical settings through the recognition of health patterns. 

Behavioral healthcare is an area where the power of this technology is especially evident. Now, mental health conditions often develop gradually, with early symptoms not often clear during regular checkups. 

As per a 2024 study, mental health professionals increasingly acknowledge the potential of AI tools in improving the areas of screening and patient management. The study also noted that clinicians are moving with caution, expressing concerns regarding privacy, accuracy, and ethical use. This means the role of human discretion and therapeutic relationships will remain constant. 

Within such an evolving landscape, even healthcare education is adjusting to these changes. For instance, the growing demand for mental health professionals and the disruption of digital tools have contributed to interest in flexible training routes like online psych nurse practitioner programs. Since the coursework is online, nurses can advance in their roles while continuing clinical practice, something which benefits a system facing workforce shortages. 

Cleveland State University notes that a strong emphasis is placed on communication and organized health assessments related to the connection between physical and psychiatric conditions. These competencies matter because predictive healthcare is not solely about generating risk scores. It equally depends on the way clinicians interpret those scores during assessments. 

Essentially, predictive healthcare is being explored in the following areas:

  • Identifying early warning signs of chronic diseases, including diabetes and cardiovascular conditions 
  • Detecting patients who are at higher risk of hospital readmission or treatment non–adherence 
  • Supporting early behavioral health screening 
  • Tracking patient health patterns through EHRs 
  • Helping care teams prioritize preventive interventions before the condition gets worse 

 

What Predictive Healthcare Could Mean for Case Managers 

As of now, case management revolves around understanding patient needs early and preventing serious complications. With the evolution of predictive tools, the future only gets brighter for case managers. Let’s see why:

Earlier Identification of Vulnerable Patients 

Before their conditions get severe, vulnerable patients can be detected. Healthcare used to be dependent on perceivable symptoms, but not anymore. Predictive tools are helping healthcare providers recognize warning signs sooner. 

For case managers, this could become especially valuable while working with patients who have chronic illnesses, mental health concerns, or high hospitalization rates. In a 2025 study, 10,000+ inpatient visits were analyzed to examine the efficacy of AI-based predictive monitoring systems. 

It was found that patients with high predictive risk scores stayed twice as long in the hospital compared to low-risk patients. So, isn’t there potential here for case management?

Undisturbed Continuity Between Care Providers 

Case management is not limited to scheduling appointments or managing discharge plans. Many cases also require such managers to connect physicians, nurses, specialists, counselors, and family caregivers for uninterrupted patient support. This continuity is not easy to maintain, which is why it is good news that predictive healthcare can help. 

If the tools are able to identify patients who are more likely to experience complications, case managers get more time to coordinate interventions. Essentially, they need not bind themselves to informing only after a patient’s condition deteriorates. Earlier action, in turn, improves prognosis. 

As per a healthcare implementation analysis conducted in 2025, predictive alerts helped healthcare teams to prioritize high-risk patients. Not only that, but this created more opportunities for follow-up care across departments. 

A Less Burdened Healthcare System 

It would be an understatement to share that healthcare systems worldwide are under intense pressure. This pressure is building due to high patient volumes, staffing shortages, and growing demands for long-term care. It affects both operational efficiency and the well-being of healthcare professionals. 

In 2025, Bobby Mukkamala, the President of the American Medical Association (AMA), noted that physician burnout is influenced by changes in “Workload, administrative burden, clinical environment, staffing support, and the day-to-day realities of practice.” 

It is a relief to know that predictive systems can help take some of the pressure off. Hospitals using such tools can predict patient flow and discharge needs. This can help the facility allocate staff and resources efficiently. 

 

The Human Side of Data-Driven Decisions 

Even the best of technology is just technology at its best. This is to say that no matter how advanced predictive systems become, healthcare itself will always stay deeply human. 

Technology can only go so far in understanding a patient’s health status. What about their emotional state, personal fears, or real-life circumstances? Is there a way to quantify these? Although systems have their place in supporting healthcare teams to recognize patterns, they cannot substitute for compassionate communication and human judgment. 

Such a balance is particularly important in case management, where professionals must support patients through periods involving chronic illness, grief, or mental health struggles. The role of predictive tools would be to identify which patients require closer attention. 

Beyond this, case managers, nurses, and physicians are still responsible for treating the patient as a whole person rather than another clinical prediction. The responses of over 2,000 clinicians practicing across 109 countries were gathered for a 2025 survey. While many acknowledged AI’s potential benefits in patient care, they had concerns surrounding trust, governance, and proper training. 

Ultimately, most clinicians thought that human intervention would always be needed, regardless of how advanced the technology becomes. On that front, here’s a closer glimpse of the concerns healthcare professionals have consistently raised:

  • Algorithmic bias, as healthcare systems may miss out on crucial information, such as underrepresented populations or thin medical records of those who cannot access care 
  • Patient uncertainty fueled by healthcare decisions being dependent on automated systems 
  • Privacy concerns related to confidentiality and responsible data use 
  • Emotional complexity, since healthcare decisions are often influenced by fear, grief, trauma, and family dynamics 

The Takeaway 

As far as predictive technology goes, truly, not even the sky is the limit. This means healthcare will see more of these tools in case management to improve preventive care and reduce complications. 

However, that does not give a complete picture of the future. This technology, though anticipatory in nature, will not replace human decision-making anytime soon. What it will end up being is a valuable support system for delivering better care outcomes. 

 

FAQs 

How is predictive healthcare changing the role of case managers?

Predictive healthcare, propelled by advanced analytics tools, is enabling case managers to focus on preventive care. Patients at higher risk of complications can be identified, which allows case managers to prioritize support before the condition further deteriorates. This improves continuity of care across providers and streamlines communication between physicians, nurses, and mental health professionals. 

Can predictive analytics improve early detection in both physical and behavioral healthcare?

Yes, predictive analytics can support early detection in both physical and behavioral healthcare. In the former, it can help identify the early warning signs of chronic conditions such as diabetes or cardiovascular disease. As for behavioral health, predictive tools are being studied for their ability to track symptoms and detect risks for mental health conditions that often develop gradually. 

Will predictive healthcare replace human decision-making in clinical practice?

No, predictive healthcare is not expected to replace human decision-making anytime soon. Instead, it is designed to play a supporting role for healthcare professionals by providing additional data-driven insights. Ultimately, healthcare remains a human-centered field, and predictive tools are most effective when used alongside ethical human judgment and empathy. 

 

Recent Data on Predictive Healthcare 

Healthcare analytics market value and projection  $65.5 billion in 2025, $198.8 billion by 2033 
2024 NHS trial of an AI tool designed to predict patient risk of developing Type II diabetes  70% accuracy, with claims of detecting those at risk 13 years before the condition develops 
2025 analysis of 10,000+ in-patient visits to examine the efficacy of AI-based predictive monitoring systems  Patients with high predictive risk scores stayed twice as long in the hospital compared to low-risk patients 
Results of a 2025 healthcare implementation analysis  Predictive alerts helped healthcare teams to prioritize high-risk patients and created more opportunities for follow-up care 
2024 study on the potential of AI tools Healthcare professionals acknowledged the technology’s role in improving screening and patient management, but also expressed concerns regarding privacy, accuracy, and ethical use 
2025 survey of 2,000+ clinicians across 109 countries on the potential benefits of AI in patient care  Many recognized the advantages of the technology, provided concerns regarding trust, governance, and proper training are addressed 

 

The good news, for both patients and healthcare providers, is that predictive healthcare is not a future possibility. While the technology may continue to advance further still, it is very much a part of mainstream clinical practice even today. 

Case managers will receive the support they need for more accurate risk identification, but the tools will not replace the interpretive and relational aspects of healthcare practice. Again, the future stage is not set by substituting human care with data. Balance has been the answer all along, where technology strengthens insights while preserving empathy, just like it should, right? 

References:

  1. Grand View Research. 2024. Healthcare analytics market size, share & trends analysis report, et al. 

https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/healthcare-analytics-market

  1. Gregory Andrew. 2024. NHS to begin world-first trial of AI tool to identify type 2 diabetes risk. The Guardian.

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2024/dec/23/nhs-to-begin-world-first-trial-of-ai-tool-to-identify-type-2-diabetes-risk

  1. Cross Shane. Bell Imogen, et al. 2024. Use of AI in mental health care: community and mental health professionals survey. JMIR Publications. Volume 11. 

https://mental.jmir.org/2024/1/e60589

  1. Keim-Malpass Jessica, J. Ratcliffe Sarah, et al. 2025. A pragmatic randomized controlled trial of artificial intelligence (AI)-based predictive analytics monitoring for early detection of clinical deterioration. MedRxiv. 

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.01.20.25320838v1

  1. Nguyen Dinh, Lee Sinjin, et al. 2025. Digital transformation with clinical alerts and personalized care systems in an integrated value based model. Npj digital medicine. 415. 

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-01838-1

  1. American Medical Association. 2026. AMA: physician burnout rates are falling, specialty gaps remain. 

https://www.ama-assn.org/press-center/ama-press-releases/ama-physician-burnout-rates-are-falling-specialty-gaps-remain

  1. Elsevier. 2025. Elsevier’s clinician of the future 2025 survey: clinicians’ AI usage and optimism grows despite concerns around trust and reliability. 

https://www.elsevier.com/en-xs/about/press-releases/elseviers-clinician-of-the-future-2025-survey-clinicians-ai-usage-and

Author Bio

Deepika has over six years of experience as a writer and editor. Passionate about words and learning, she takes an interest in a variety of niches. Her knack for turning complex ideas into relatable narratives allows her to resonate with the reader. 

When her pen falls silent, you can find her engrossed in a novel or getting her hands messy with fine arts. By these, Deepika is committed to keeping her curiosity and creativity alive. 

 

 

Please also review AIHCP’s Case Management Certification program and our CE courses as well, to see if they meet your academic and professional goals.  These programs are online and independent study and open to qualified professionals seeking a four year certification

The Clinical Side of ‘Loneliness’ That Needs to Be Discussed 

Posted on by Joseph Gerard

A person alone in the dark.

Written by Deepika

Someone is sitting alone in a room with no companions in sight. Another individual is a part of a crowded room, but emotionally disconnected due to a difficult phase in their life. Both these scenarios may or may not describe a person dealing with the issue of loneliness. 

Such a problem is often treated as a personal or an emotional one. Mostly, nobody stops to even consider the health implications of loneliness. The World Health Organization (WHO) has shared that one in six people worldwide suffers from loneliness. It also states that social connections can improve health and reduce the chances of an early death. 

As social beings, humans cannot afford to neglect loneliness; even one lonely person is one too many. As for healthcare, patients with this problem may enter a facility with complaints of chronic pain, fatigue, or sleeplessness. 

Now is the time to put aside the stigma and discomfort surrounding complex emotional needs. This article presents the case for exploring the clinical side of loneliness. We will see how emotional isolation manifests itself through physical and behavioral symptoms, and what healthcare can do to respond in a holistic way. 

 

The Unmistakable Imprint of Loneliness on Physical and Behavioral Health 

Healthcare professionals seldom find someone entering the gates of their facility exclusively with the problem of loneliness. This is especially true in the case of those whose primary complaints are physical, like aches and discomfort. 

This makes it difficult to identify the root cause, although loneliness is becoming an increasingly important factor. Arthur C. Evans, the CEO of the American Psychological Association (APA), noted that “Research tells us that a sense of isolation and social fragmentation can have real consequences for our ability to manage stress and stay healthy.” 

So, does loneliness and its side effects show up in one’s physical and behavioral health? Absolutely, but the appearance is so indirect that it is easy to miss the symptoms. As a result, patients are stuck in a vicious cycle of repeated consultations, diagnostic ambiguity, and fragmented care. 

Unless the emotional component is identified and given its due diligence, the issue can be temporarily stalled, but not eradicated. The following are some common physical and behavioral indicators associated with loneliness:

  • Constant complaints of fatigue or low energy without a clear medical cause 
  • Sleep disturbances, including irregular sleep cycles or insomnia 
  • Headaches, body pain, or other somatic issues 
  • High levels of anxiety, irritability, and emotional instability 
  • Reduced motivation for self-care or poor adherence to treatment 
  • Minimal engagement during consultations 
  • Frequent healthcare visits for recurring or unexplained symptoms 

From a clinical perspective, such presentations confirm the importance of interpreting patient symptoms with a framework that extends beyond visible complaints. Such an approach is a part of modern nursing education, including the Accelerated Bachelor of Science in Nursing or ABSN. This model is designed to prepare students without a prior nursing degree for professional nursing practice. 

On that note, programs such as the Elmhurst University ABSN program place emphasis on principles for adult populations experiencing common health problems within different care settings. So, the focus is not only on clinical competencies, but also on holistic patient assessment and psychosocial factors that influence health outcomes. 

It is the need of the hour to approach adult patient care through an emotional and social lens. That is exactly how holistic and accurate patient care becomes possible. 

 

Why Modern Healthcare Cannot Treat Loneliness as a Secondary Concern 

Is it not sad to think that despite many patients suffering from physical concerns that have emotional roots, healthcare doesn’t seem to get it? Perhaps the challenge has to do with how loneliness doesn’t display itself in obvious ways. Let’s understand closely why it’s time to pull down the walls and treat loneliness as a primary concern. 

More Than Emotional Well-Being Is at Stake 

Some of the main problems associated with loneliness are feelings of sadness and disconnection with one’s surroundings. It’s only a matter of time before the symptoms show up in the form of headaches, sleep disturbances, or digestive problems. 

In a 2024 study involving 66 young adults (18-35 years), it was found that loneliness was a risk factor for cardiovascular disease development. Since the issue will become physical at one point or another, why not tackle it at its root from the beginning?

Patients Are Often Oblivious to Their Loneliness Issue 

As hinted before, many patients with chronic loneliness enter the clinic gates with concerns like sleep disorders or unexplained tiredness. For some, loneliness develops gradually through grief, retirement, or social withdrawal. Since such experiences either seem trivial or normalized, they never come to the surface. 

Matters only get worse due to fast-paced lifestyles facilitated by digital communications and work expectations. As revealed in a 2025 study involving individuals with chronic disease and loneliness, the stigma surrounding the latter often discourages people from acknowledging the isolation despite health effects. Perhaps healthcare providers need to bridge this gap, right?

The Irony of Modernism Only Makes Things Worse 

Technology came with the promise of connecting the world like never before. We may be a global village now, but we are more disconnected from genuine human connections than ever. When life gets fast-tracked, and connections become virtual, there is hardly any room for deeper interpersonal relationships. 

A 2024 poll discovered that 30% of adults reported feeling lonely at least once every week. This issue was higher among younger adults despite being the most digitally connected population. That explains why healthcare finds loneliness to be most pressing among those with an ‘apparently’ active social life. 

 

What Healthcare Must Do as Loneliness Becomes a Clinical Reality 

Acknowledging the problem of loneliness is just one half of the equation. Healthcare must now recognize emotional isolation in terms of long-term health outcomes. Here’s what can be done in light of the growing clinical reality of loneliness. 

Being Aware of the Less Obvious Signs of Loneliness 

Since loneliness likes to be sneaky, healthcare providers need to know what that implies. From vague physical complaints to subtle changes in behavior, nothing should be ruled out. Certain probing questions regarding the patient’s social life will provide the rest of the answer. 

A 2024 study was conducted precisely to examine whether loneliness was related to increased healthcare utilization among older adults. After analyzing 932 medical records, it was found that patients experiencing loneliness were more likely to use healthcare resources than their peers. Is it still safe to believe that healthcare can afford to neglect even the less obvious signs of loneliness?

Making Therapeutic Communication a Part of Patient Care 

A part of the challenge involved in treating patients with loneliness-induced physical issues is that they might resist the idea initially. Unless therapeutic communication drives the doctor-patient interactions, the latter is less likely to discuss their struggles or story. 

This type of communication includes listening patiently, responding empathetically, and providing emotional validation. Studies have shown that the sensitivity of doctors towards patients’ communication signals can go a long way in improving patient satisfaction. So, this step cannot be an optional one. 

Integrating Emotional Well-being Into Holistic Healthcare 

Now, this one may seem shocking since emotional well-being is already a part of holistic healthcare, right? Yes, in theory at least. As for clinical screening, it is often left unaddressed due to time constraints or documented as less severe. Some healthcare institutions keep emotional well-being separate from medical treatments. 

Continuity of care is only possible when emotional well-being is integrated, along with interdisciplinary care. In a 2025 cohort study, 7,484 adults with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were examined. Those with loneliness had a 33% higher risk of mortality compared to those with a healthy social life. Even hospitalization rates were higher among the lonely folks, so why keep emotional well-being separate? 

 

FAQs 

Can loneliness affect physical health, or is it just an emotional issue?

Yes, loneliness is more than an emotional experience. It can contribute to physical health problems such as fatigue, sleep disturbances, and a weakened immune system. From a clinical perspective, loneliness often has a say in how symptoms appear and the way patients respond to treatment.

Why are so many patients with loneliness oblivious to it?

Many patients fail to identify loneliness as the root cause of their physical ailments because it develops gradually and has an indirect effect. Additionally, social withdrawal and emotional disconnection tend to get normalized over time. As a result, individuals may seek medical support for physical symptoms without realizing that the factor driving the problem is loneliness. 

How can healthcare professionals identify and manage loneliness in clinical settings?

To identify loneliness, it is important to observe subtle physical and behavioral signs, including unexplained symptoms, low engagement during consultations, and frequent healthcare visits. As for the management, it involves regular screenings, strong therapeutic communication, and interdisciplinary care. 

 

Recent Data on Loneliness and Its Impact 

Number of people who suffer from loneliness worldwide, as per the World Health Organization  One in six people 
2024 study on 66 young adults aged 18 to 35 years Loneliness was found to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease 
2025 study involving individuals with chronic disease and loneliness  The stigma surrounding the latter made it difficult to acknowledge emotional isolation despite the health effects 
Adults who reported feeling lonely at least once every week in a 2024 APA poll  30% of those surveyed 
2024 analysis of 932 medical records on the relation between loneliness and increased healthcare utilization  Directly proportional 
Studies on physician sensitivity to patients’ communication signals and patient satisfaction  Direct correlation 
2025 cohort study involving 7,484 adults with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease  Those with loneliness had a 33% higher risk of mortality 

Loneliness is in no way new because it has impacted people across all generations. Earlier, there weren’t many ways to measure or record this problem. However, it stands true that loneliness is more pronounced now, especially since community living is scarce. 

Moreover, everyone seems to be too busy with their own lives, right? The human heart craves meaningful connections, or else it does not care. From a healthcare viewpoint, this means that addressing only visible complaints does not suffice. 

The next time your team conducts its routine assessments, let every member be trained and aware of the clinical side of loneliness. No matter how advanced healthcare becomes, if the elephant in the room stays hidden in plain sight, then is that true progress? 

 

References:

  1. World Health Organization. 2025. Social connection linked to improved health and reduced risk of early death. 

https://www.who.int/news/item/30-06-2025-social-connection-linked-to-improved-heath-and-reduced-risk-of-early-death

  1. American Psychological Association. 2025. APA poll reveals a nation suffering from stress of societal division, loneliness. 

https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2025/11/nation-suffering-division-loneliness

  1. Vasan Shraddha, Lambert Elisabeth, et al. Investing the relationship between early cardiovascular disease markers and loneliness in young adults. 2024. Scientific Reports. 14221.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-65039-8

  1. Fan Zhiguang, Wen Hongjuan, et al. The Chinese version of the stigma of loneliness scale in people with chronic diseases: an assessment of psychometric characteristics. 2026. Springer Nature Link. Volume 25, 1619. 

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-025-22743-y/metrics

  1. American Psychiatric Association. 2024. New APA poll: one in three AmericansAmericans feels lonely every week. 

https://www.psychiatry.org/news-room/news-releases/new-apa-poll-one-in-three-americans-feels-lonely-e

  1. J.J. Mira, D. Torres, et al. Loneliness impact on healthcare utilization in primary care: a retrospective study. 2024. Journal of Healthcare Quality Research. Volume 39, Issue 4. 

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2603647924000277

  1. Confort Frederico Carlos. Physicians’ attention to patients’ communication cues can improve patient satisfaction with care and perception of physicians’ empathy. 2024. PubMed. 

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38703716/

  1. Galper Kathleen, et al. Routine loneliness screening in adults with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in a large national health plan: a retrospective cohort study. 2025. PubMed. 

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41043827/

 

Author Bio

Deepika has over six years of experience as a writer and editor. Passionate about words and learning, she takes an interest in a variety of niches. Her knack for turning complex ideas into relatable narratives allows her to resonate with the reader. 

When her pen falls silent, you can find her engrossed in a novel or getting her hands messy with fine arts. By these, Deepika is committed to keeping her curiosity and creativity alive. 

 

 

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