integrated christian counseling

Integrated Christian Counseling: A Perfect Balance

Posted on by Mark Moran

Christians believe truth is truth and God is the author of all truth.  God is the author of Scripture, but also the author of creation.  All sciences and studies that investigate the nature of creation, from biology to physics, to mathematics to astronomy, or even medicine and psychology are products of God’s truth.   Hence, when contradictions appear between faith and science, the contradiction is not the truth of God, but errors of men.  The error either lies in poor interpretation of Scripture, or poor application of science.  In this short blog we will define what integrated Christian Counseling entails as well as examine it’s critical importance in psychology and counseling.

Integrated Christian Counseling presents a Christo-centric morality but also utilizes modern psychological therapies to help people heal physically, mentally and also spiritually

Please also review AIHCP’s Christian Counseling Certification and see if it matches your academic and professional goals.

Distrust of the Scientific Method within Christian Communities

Since the age of “reason” as well as the scientific revolution, the empiric method emerged.  The empirical method of science is not the enemy to the faith, but when molded by agnostic or atheistic minds, it can be utilized to remove God or any theological and metaphysical ideals.  This is simply because the empiric method is a tool to examine the natural world not the metaphysical one.  It is based on observation through the senses, it is tested, verified and proposed as theory to later be seen as a law.  It dismisses past superstitions, or over-emphasis on attributing natural occurrences as spiritual.  As a tool though, it has a purpose but when its purpose is used to analyze all of human experience that is spiritual or metaphysical, then it no longer serves a purpose.  This is the error of many atheistic or agnostic scientists.  Their religion and altar becomes the empiric method and anything that does not fall under its shadow is dismissed as myth or fantasy.

Naturally then, many Christians may fear the chosen weapon or tool of the scientist, not so much because of the weapon itself but because of who wields it.  By rejecting modern empiricism, the Christian isolates himself or herself from many truths of God’s creation.  Whether a natural law was observed by an atheist or agnostic has no bearing on its reality and truth in the natural world and its conformity to the natural law.   So when studying theology, or Sacred Scripture, one enters into a new science, one that is not based upon the scientific method, but one that is based on different levels of human experience, as well as the virtue of faith.  This does not make Theology inferior, for it is the highest science because its end object is God.

Modernism attempted to bridge empiricism with faith, but the failure of this heresy lies in the fact that is placed theology as well as Sacred Scripture second to empirical verification.  It retained spiritual experience to only vital immanentism, where faith and belief was constrained only to human  subjective experience.  Modernists refused to correlate miracles and acts of God with natural science.  They mused that since God is the author of both natural science and theology, then theological stories that support supernatural events are impossible since they go against the empirical method.  Because of this, modernists rejected many stories of the Bible as myths, as well as even doubting the Resurrection of Christ.  Since supernatural events cross into the threshold of the natural law and its world, they reduced faith to only subjective experiences that could not contradict the laws of nature.   So while still remaining theists, they limited God’s power in the natural world and attempted to re-interpret Scripture to meet the demands of the empirical method.   As stated earlier, sometimes improper interpretation of Scripture and its miracles can lead to a conflict with the natural world and its laws, but the Modernist heresy not only re-interpreted the Bible, but outwardly placed it under the foot of empiricism.  By reducing anything of supernatural power to mere mythical language, it violated Scriptures integrity and denounced God’s power over nature.

I do not suggest such an extreme and heretical approach to implementing true science with faith, but instead presents a more complimentary approach that respects dogma, morality and teachings of Scripture with the natural and health sciences of the world.  This protects both Scripture from heretical rebranding, but also accepts the many truths discovered by science through the empirical method.  They both can stand side by side because God is the source of both.

So, while many fundamentalist Christians suffer from a complete distrust of science in the fields of natural history, geology, evolution, and other sciences, it is important to not simply disregard these findings based upon the name of the person who presented it.  In fact, disregarding is not only dangerous to truth, but it can also limit those within the faith in their own exploration of Scripture, as well as misuse of it.  For instance, while integrated Christian Counseling endorses both science and the Bible, it does not look to find all answers about physical and mental health, or the natural world in the Bible.  The Bible is collection of sacred books, inspired by God and written through men, to lead one to spiritual salvation.  It was never intended to become medical manual or science text book.   The Bible teaches foundational aspects about humanity’s  broken condition due to sin which is a crucial starting point, as well as laying foundations on morality and good living, which serve as important launching points in counseling and psychology.

Types of Approaches

Just as modern psychology has many schools of thought, Christian Counseling also has various schools of how Scripture is utilized in counseling

Contrary to popular belief, psychology did not start with Sigmund Freud.  While Freud and even Alfred Adler raised the level of psychology to a deeper empirical science, there idea of helping people through mental and behavioral issues was done well before them within the Christian tradition.  From the Patristic Fathers and throughout the history of the Church, spiritual direction and moral guidance has been a hall mark of helping individuals find balance and peace.  Christian Counseling thus has existed for centuries before the new findings about the brain and psychology of the human person.  These new findings are helpful and can only add to the richness of a theologically based Christian Counseling.

In psychology there are various approaches, schools of thought and therapies.  One needs to merely look at the differences between psychoanalytic theories to more modern human centered theories or even behavioral and cognitive therapies.  No true school holds a monopoly on what is the best type of counseling.  There are important truths found in all schools of thought that help in certain cases, despite the fact that certain counselors and psychologists may adhere to one primary school.  So to truly find one counselor in this day age who adheres to one school of counseling and psychology is more rare.   The same can be said with Christian Counselors.

All Christian counselors believe that God and biblical sources are the foundational piece.  They believe a Christo-centric world view to manage counseling.  The basic premise is humanity is broken through sin and as a result of sin, all evil and suffering exists.  The extent to which everything clinically is a product of sin differs.  While sin is the source, there are still detailed explanations about why we suffer.  If one goes to a physician, whether religious or not, the physician consults medical practices consistent with evidence based support and testing.  Obviously, the ultimate first cause of sickness is sin but that diagnosis is redundant in healing.  Sin is the cause of it all but helping one heal is based on the proper medicine for the acute condition.  The same is true for Christian Counseling that is integrated.  It acknowledges sin as the root and also encourages Christ like remedies in the moral life to produce true change, but it does not ignore the pathologies or issues that exist within the brain, or the numerous case studies that show productive therapeutic results.

With that said, some schools of thought within Christian Counseling are far more biblical and suspicious of modern psychology, while other schools are far more welcoming.  Biblical Counseling in its truest sense is one of the far right extremes.  I would consider it more extreme because it finds all answers in Scripture.  It is more suspicious of the empirical sciences and looks to find most of life’s solutions in Scripture.  Strictly Biblical Counselors will resort to more faith based answers than modern psychological therapies.   This is not to say Scripture does not provide a broad frame work of moral information to cultivate healthy change in life, but in extreme cases, it can look to replace even proven modern methods.  Obviously someone facing depression, or PTSD or extreme trauma will benefit from Scripture.  One can even find helpful concepts and soothing ideals of love.  However, Scripture does not provide guidelines for treating depression or PTSD which are issues associated with the brain’s chemistry.  While Scripture supplies a strong foundation, it is not meant to be utilized as if the DSM-5 to treat pathology.

From the opposing side, Christian Counseling falls also into some who apply the Levels of Explanation approach.  This approach accepts the human condition based on Scripture, but is more interested in approaching mental health through the secular psychological schools of approach.  For a Christian, it may not be enough biblical based or emphasized.

Within the middle ground exists Christian Psychology which embraces the entirety of Christian thought on people helping and implementing also modern psychology, as well as Transformational Christian Counseling that uses Scripture to help transform a person spiritually from their issues.  The integrated Christian approach best captures Scripture, the Christian tradition and modern psychology.

What one tends to see are more clinical counselors in levels of explanation, as well as more devout clinical professionals in the integrated approaches, with more pastors strictly within the biblical approach.

Like secular psychology, no one school holds a monopoly on what is best or better, but it depends on the person’s needs and faith base.  AIHCP’s Christian Counseling Program is more so based within the integrative school.  This is especially so because AIHCP certified healthcare and mental health care professionals with academic background.  Nevertheless, many pastors still see the value of AIHCP’s program since it believes in a strong biblical presence.  Biblical exegesis and Biblical advice protects the person from the advice of the world which in secular society can break from the morality of God’s law.  Christian Counseling adheres to Christo-centric ideals of behavior and necessary changes.  Underuse as well as overuse of Scripture in counseling can produce negative things.  If overused, good and proven therapeutic strategies can be overlooked with suspicion, while if under used, the strong moral tradition of Christianity can be ignored.  The importance of mental care but infused with spiritual care to produce true transformation via the Holy Spirit is essential in change.  One cannot simply rely on physical and mental remedies but also spiritual wellness and healing.  Christian Counseling that is properly integrated can achieve both.

Of course, not all Christian Counselors are clinical and because of this can be limited within their scope of practice, but those with clinical licensures can employ these ideals to their clients who wish for a Christian perspective and also require therapies beyond the scope of a minister or pastor.  And also important to remember, whether clinical or only pastoral as counselors, all schools of thought, whether secular, religious, or both, must adhere to the ethical and legal standards of the profession.

Conclusion

Please also review AIHCP’s Christian Counseling Certification and see if it matches your academic and professional goals

When counseling acknowledges the Christian tradition, as well as the broken human nature and sin, then it has a true foundation to find true healing for the person at every level of existence.  Integrated Christian Counselors, utilize Scripture, Christian tradition and modern psychology to present the most holistic and best healing practices to mind, body and soul.  It presents a perfect balance to the client.  It understands that God is the author of both Scripture and psychology and that they can compliment each other in the full healing of a person.  Incorporating various techniques and principles from all schools of psychology, as well as Christian counseling approaches can be useful in giving the best client care.  Whether pastoral or clinical, all Christian Counselors are called to apply good Biblical morality and best tested therapies to their client while adhering to counseling laws and ethics.

Please also review AIHCP’s Christian Counseling Certification and see if it matches your academic and professional goals.

Please also refer to these text books for more information on Integrated Christian Counseling.

Our text book for SC570

Collins, G. (2007).  Christian counseling: A comprehensive guide. Thomas Nelson

and

Johnson, E., Ed (2010). Psychology and Christianity: Five views 2nd Ed. IVP Academic

For other Christian Counseling based blogs, please review

Christ and Integrated Christian Counseling. Access here

Brain and the Soul.  Access here

Additional Resources

“Integrative Therapy”. Psychology Today.  Access here

“Therapy Types and Modalities”. Psychology Today.  Access here

Collinsworth-Cobarruvias, S.  (2018). “Biblical Foundation for Christian Integration: A Theology of Christian Counseling”. Access here

Zarbo, C. et, al. (2015). “Integrative Psychotherapy Works”. Front Psychol. 2015; 6: 2021. National Library of Medicine. Access here

 

Christ the Source of All Healing and Integration in Christian Counseling

Posted on by Dominick Flarey

The primary and first declaration within Christian Counseling the central nature of Christ as healer.  Christ is the ultimate counselor and the source of all healing.  The Christian Counselor presents the Christian worldview, its morals, its ideals on grace, and salvation to the person with the person knowing in advance that this the primary premise and foundation.   Concepts such as sin as a source of struggle, suffering and death are recognized, as well as Christ’s central importance in healing and transformation.

Christ is the source of all knowledge and is the basis of all Christian Counseling

 

The extent to which this theology permeates the counseling depends upon integration of secular and modern psychological methods.  Strict Biblical Counseling and Christian Psychologies will delve more deeper into Christian tradition and be less receptive to purely secular therapies, while an integrated approach, while still maintaining a Scriptural foundation will understand the limits of certain sciences.  Integrated approaches will not deny that God is the source of all truth of every science but will recognize that certain limitations exist within religious texts and that the truths of God in other sciences are displayed under different approaches.  It is because of this that Christian Counseling that employs an Integrated Approach is able to utilize multi-faceted approaches to help healing in a person.  It recognizes the spiritual authority of Scripture, its moral guidance, and foundational teachings in helping others heal, but also understands its purpose in not treating mental pathology, which permits the integrated approach to use other ways to treat individuals.  While sin is the cause of all suffering, not every individual sin causes every pathology.  Sometimes, the person requires a spiritual healing but in many cases the person may just require a mental healing.

Within this premise, Integrated Christian Counseling is able to utilize modern psychology and counseling while remaining faithful to Christian idealogy and teachings.  Christian Counseling, especially when under the dual guidance of a Christian and a licensed professional, as opposed to merely a pastoral level, has the ability to further treat deeper pathologies dealing with trauma and loss.  It also has the ability to incorporate with those modules the concepts of Christian Grief and the purpose of suffering in the world.

It is within Christian Counseling that one can incorporate Christianity’s unique stance on suffering.  Christianity does not offer to the suffering person a non answer.  It does tell a person to suffer alone, or that God is merely watching from a distance.  Instead Christianity offers an explanation why suffering exists but also grants comfort to the bereaved that God does not merely watch from a far away throne, but instead sent His own Son, Jesus Christ, to suffer with us.  Christ, the Suffering Servant, becomes the ultimate example for the suffering.  He teaches humanity how to suffer and offers the ultimate example of how to offer one’s cross.  Yet, Christ is not defeated by suffering or death, but defeats and conquers it.  The ultimate promise of Christianity is that who die with Christ will rise with Christ.  This is a powerful philosophy and theology that is offered in Christian based counseling.

In addition to this foundational philosophy and theology, integrated Christian Counseling can utilize and use the numerous therapies afforded by modern psychology and counseling.  Again, though, why limit oneself to one school of thought?  Implementing and integrating different therapies can also be beneficial for some.  Again, this is not saying this would benefit everyone.  In some cases, strictly adhering to CBT may be the best call to action and may be the therapy the counselor or practitioner is best trained in.  If this is the case, then if the patient is showing progress, then various integrations would not be needed.

First, it is important to note, when helping anyone in loss, trauma or suffering, that not all therapies fit all.  Some may benefit from one, while others may benefit from a mixture.  In my opinion, since human beings are so multi-faceted, sometimes a multiple approach of modules can be the most productive based upon the person’s reaction.  For instance, when looking at the three primary therapies of Psychodynamic, Cognitive Behavioral and Humanistic, one may find samples from each to help a particular individual find healing.   A blended and truly integrated practice may be beneficial as opposed to maybe a singular approach.

In Psychodynamic, a counselor may look to help someone by exploring the past and come to conclusion why certain feelings are manifesting in the present that stem from the past.  Past trauma does play a key in the present moment and for some, understanding why a certain feeling is manifesting may be enough to identify it and control it.  Others though may need more direction and guidance beyond discovering the why and require cognitive understanding and reshaping.  Cognitive Behavioral Therapy can help the person dismiss damaging feelings and restructure them into more productive feelings going forward.  Furthermore, while some may benefit cognitively, others may be benefit from a more emotional discussion from various Humanistic approaches that dissect the feelings of now and help the person again find balance with self image and real image.  This balance concurs with healthy out look on life.

In particular when dealing with someone, obviously a scriptural based prayer that reflects the issue at hand is key.  This invites the Holy Spirit into any session and emphasizes the central focus of Christ in the room for healing.  In any sessions, narrative therapies can provide very useful in describing and discussing the loss/stressor/ trauma.  Discussions can lead to awakening and new ideals about it and help the person heal from the loss.  Journaling, as a aspect of CBT, can play a big role in adaptive coping as well as a strong tool in grief work.  In some cases, Humanistic approaches that include self talk and the empty chair can help individuals express the emotion of now and learn how to later handle given situations.  Ultimately, the tools present are used to help the person adjust to the loss or trauma in a healthy way and connect the past with the present and future in a productive way.  Counseling modules and various strategies such as those listed when integrated with prayer and healing can prove very beneficial in restoring meaning in life.

Personally, I find human beings to complicated and loss to diverse for one fit all solution.  Whether Christian Counseling approaches or counseling models, many individuals need a variety of proven methods to help that particular person again find meaning.  A healthy person according to Aaron Antonovsky achieves coherence when they are able to predict why things happen, have some ability to cope with those things and have a deeper meaning of the why and purpose of life. A strong integrated Christian Counseling philosophy with modern psychology that is never tied completely to one school of thought but tied to proven methods within each school that work for particular individuals gives the counselor a strong foundation that has a good base in Christ and science but also a flexible response to pathology of a person.

Integration of technique and models can give the patient a flexible treatment that can fit one’s individual needs. Please also review AIHCP’s Christian Counseling Program

Please also review AIHCP’s Christian Counseling Certification.  The Christian Counseling Program is online and independent study and open to qualified professionals seeking a four year certification as a Christian Counselor.  The program itself is non-denominational but shares within many of the great Christian traditions.  It is open to non-clinical as well as clinical practitioners.  The program offers the base model for pastors or counselors to incorporate their own style of Christian Counseling and methods to better help individuals.

 

Additional Resources

“Integrative Therapy”. Psychology Today.  Access here

“Therapy Types and Modalities”. Psychology Today.  Access here

Collinsworth-Cobarruvias, S.  (2018). “Biblical Foundation for Christian Integration: A Theology of Christian Counseling”. Access here

Zarbo, C. et, al. (2015). “Integrative Psychotherapy Works”. Front Psychol. 2015; 6: 2021. National Library of Medicine. Access here